Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  August
2024
September
2024
Standard error1 August to September 2024 September 2023 to September 2024 August to September 2024 September 2023 to September 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 195.8 196.2 ... 0.4 5.2 0.2 2.7
Labour force 127.8 127.1 0.8 -0.7 1.8 -0.5 1.4
Employment 118.7 118.4 0.8 -0.3 1.4 -0.3 1.2
Unemployment 9.1 8.7 0.4 -0.4 0.4 -4.4 4.8
Participation rate 65.3 64.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.8 0.3 -0.3 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 60.6 60.3 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 430.4 432.0 ... 1.6 19.4 0.4 4.7
Labour force 295.2 294.2 1.6 -1.0 13.8 -0.3 4.9
Employment 278.3 278.1 1.6 -0.2 17.0 -0.1 6.5
Unemployment 16.8 16.1 0.9 -0.7 -3.2 -4.2 -16.6
Participation rate 68.6 68.1 0.4 -0.5 0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.5 0.3 -0.2 -1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 64.7 64.4 0.4 -0.3 1.1 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 152.6 153.3 ... 0.7 7.9 0.5 5.4
Labour force 100.9 100.7 0.9 -0.2 5.1 -0.2 5.3
Employment 94.9 95.3 0.9 0.4 5.2 0.4 5.8
Unemployment 6.0 5.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -8.3 -1.8
Participation rate 66.1 65.7 0.6 -0.4 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 62.2 0.6 0.0 0.2 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 119.9 120.2 ... 0.3 3.8 0.3 3.3
Labour force 77.8 76.4 0.8 -1.4 2.8 -1.8 3.8
Employment 72.4 72.1 0.9 -0.3 3.1 -0.4 4.5
Unemployment 5.4 4.3 0.3 -1.1 -0.2 -20.4 -4.4
Participation rate 64.9 63.6 0.7 -1.3 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.9 5.6 0.4 -1.3 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 60.4 60.0 0.7 -0.4 0.7 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 138.0 138.2 ... 0.2 2.0 0.1 1.5
Labour force 77.7 77.8 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3
Employment 74.6 74.8 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
Unemployment 3.0 3.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Participation rate 56.3 56.3 0.8 0.0 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 3.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 54.1 54.1 0.8 0.0 -0.7 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 713.8 715.1 ... 1.3 13.2 0.2 1.9
Labour force 468.5 469.5 3.3 1.0 -1.5 0.2 -0.3
Employment 449.9 449.1 3.3 -0.8 -8.5 -0.2 -1.9
Unemployment 18.6 20.4 1.0 1.8 7.0 9.7 52.2
Participation rate 65.6 65.7 0.5 0.1 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.0 4.3 0.2 0.3 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 62.8 0.5 -0.2 -2.4 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 199.9 200.4 ... 0.5 5.5 0.3 2.8
Labour force 123.9 122.9 1.2 -1.0 8.1 -0.8 7.1
Employment 117.5 116.0 1.3 -1.5 5.5 -1.3 5.0
Unemployment 6.4 6.9 0.5 0.5 2.7 7.8 64.3
Participation rate 62.0 61.3 0.6 -0.7 2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.6 0.4 0.4 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 58.8 57.9 0.6 -0.9 1.2 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 141.6 141.9 ... 0.3 2.5 0.2 1.8
Labour force 86.4 87.7 0.9 1.3 4.7 1.5 5.7
Employment 80.6 81.8 0.9 1.2 2.3 1.5 2.9
Unemployment 5.8 5.8 0.3 0.0 2.3 0.0 65.7
Participation rate 61.0 61.8 0.6 0.8 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.6 0.4 -0.1 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 56.9 57.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,880.1 3,893.6 ... 13.5 138.9 0.3 3.7
Labour force 2,566.5 2,577.0 8.9 10.5 14.8 0.4 0.6
Employment 2,391.6 2,406.0 9.2 14.4 -24.0 0.6 -1.0
Unemployment 174.9 170.9 4.7 -4.0 38.7 -2.3 29.3
Participation rate 66.1 66.2 0.2 0.1 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 6.6 0.2 -0.2 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.6 61.8 0.2 0.2 -2.9 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,317.4 1,321.7 ... 4.3 46.7 0.3 3.7
Labour force 904.2 910.4 4.3 6.2 26.3 0.7 3.0
Employment 844.7 851.9 4.5 7.2 10.5 0.9 1.2
Unemployment 59.5 58.6 1.9 -0.9 15.9 -1.5 37.2
Participation rate 68.6 68.9 0.3 0.3 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.4 0.2 -0.2 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 64.5 0.3 0.4 -1.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 300.2 300.8 ... 0.6 5.6 0.2 1.9
Labour force 200.3 199.8 1.5 -0.5 3.2 -0.2 1.6
Employment 186.7 186.0 1.6 -0.7 -2.5 -0.4 -1.3
Unemployment 13.7 13.8 0.5 0.1 5.7 0.7 70.4
Participation rate 66.7 66.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 6.9 0.3 0.1 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 61.8 0.5 -0.4 -2.1 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 1,017.1 1,020.8 ... 3.7 41.0 0.4 4.2
Labour force 703.9 710.6 4.1 6.7 23.1 1.0 3.4
Employment 658.0 665.8 4.2 7.8 12.9 1.2 2.0
Unemployment 45.9 44.8 1.8 -1.1 10.1 -2.4 29.1
Participation rate 69.2 69.6 0.4 0.4 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.3 0.3 -0.2 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 64.7 65.2 0.4 0.5 -1.4 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 161.0 161.6 ... 0.6 7.1 0.4 4.6
Labour force 97.1 97.5 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7
Employment 90.9 91.2 1.0 0.3 -1.5 0.3 -1.6
Unemployment 6.2 6.3 0.3 0.1 2.2 1.6 53.7
Participation rate 60.3 60.3 0.6 0.0 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.5 0.3 0.1 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 56.5 56.4 0.6 -0.1 -3.6 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 95.6 91.6 ... -4.0 -15.5 -4.2 -14.5
Labour force 52.9 49.6 2.9 -3.3 -16.9 -6.2 -25.4
Employment 49.8 47.7 2.7 -2.1 -12.3 -4.2 -20.5
Unemployment 3.1 1.8 0.6 -1.3 -4.7 -41.9 -72.3
Participation rate 55.3 54.1 2.5 -1.2 -8.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 3.6 1.0 -2.3 -6.2 ... ...
Employment rate 52.1 52.1 2.2 0.0 -3.9 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 121.0 121.4 ... 0.4 4.1 0.3 3.5
Labour force 66.6 66.4 1.4 -0.2 -5.4 -0.3 -7.5
Employment 63.6 63.3 1.5 -0.3 -6.6 -0.5 -9.4
Unemployment 3.0 3.1 0.5 0.1 1.2 3.3 63.2
Participation rate 55.0 54.7 1.2 -0.3 -6.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 4.7 0.7 0.2 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 52.6 52.1 1.3 -0.5 -7.5 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 368.0 368.9 ... 0.9 9.5 0.2 2.6
Labour force 244.1 246.4 2.0 2.3 8.6 0.9 3.6
Employment 225.1 226.9 2.1 1.8 3.0 0.8 1.3
Unemployment 19.0 19.5 1.0 0.5 5.6 2.6 40.3
Participation rate 66.3 66.8 0.6 0.5 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.9 0.4 0.1 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 61.5 0.6 0.3 -0.8 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 6,125.5 6,153.5 ... 28.0 297.4 0.5 5.1
Labour force 4,072.0 4,082.2 11.2 10.2 132.9 0.3 3.4
Employment 3,745.7 3,754.2 11.2 8.5 64.4 0.2 1.7
Unemployment 326.3 328.0 6.4 1.7 68.5 0.5 26.4
Participation rate 66.5 66.3 0.2 -0.2 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 8.0 0.2 0.0 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 61.0 0.2 -0.1 -2.0 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 702.1 703.8 ... 1.7 18.3 0.2 2.7
Labour force 457.0 453.0 3.2 -4.0 14.3 -0.9 3.3
Employment 426.2 424.9 3.2 -1.3 10.0 -0.3 2.4
Unemployment 30.8 28.1 1.3 -2.7 4.3 -8.8 18.1
Participation rate 65.1 64.4 0.5 -0.7 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.2 0.3 -0.5 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 60.7 60.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 396.3 397.6 ... 1.3 13.3 0.3 3.5
Labour force 241.6 243.1 3.0 1.5 6.5 0.6 2.7
Employment 223.4 226.1 2.9 2.7 5.3 1.2 2.4
Unemployment 18.1 17.0 1.3 -1.1 1.1 -6.1 6.9
Participation rate 61.0 61.1 0.8 0.1 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.0 0.5 -0.5 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 56.4 56.9 0.7 0.5 -0.6 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 554.1 556.7 ... 2.6 28.3 0.5 5.4
Labour force 387.5 384.6 2.1 -2.9 17.4 -0.7 4.7
Employment 359.9 355.3 2.1 -4.6 7.8 -1.3 2.2
Unemployment 27.6 29.3 1.1 1.7 9.6 6.2 48.7
Participation rate 69.9 69.1 0.4 -0.8 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 7.6 0.3 0.5 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.0 63.8 0.4 -1.2 -2.0 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 124.4 124.6 ... 0.2 2.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 81.7 80.2 1.0 -1.5 -0.1 -1.8 -0.1
Employment 76.0 74.7 0.9 -1.3 -1.7 -1.7 -2.2
Unemployment 5.7 5.6 0.4 -0.1 1.7 -1.8 43.6
Participation rate 65.7 64.4 0.8 -1.3 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 7.0 0.5 0.0 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 60.0 0.8 -1.1 -2.4 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 151.1 151.6 ... 0.5 4.8 0.3 3.3
Labour force 104.7 102.6 1.3 -2.1 -1.2 -2.0 -1.2
Employment 99.8 97.2 1.3 -2.6 -1.5 -2.6 -1.5
Unemployment 4.9 5.4 0.6 0.5 0.3 10.2 5.9
Participation rate 69.3 67.7 0.9 -1.6 -3.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 5.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 66.0 64.1 0.9 -1.9 -3.1 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 512.7 514.9 ... 2.2 23.0 0.4 4.7
Labour force 329.9 330.1 2.3 0.2 -1.6 0.1 -0.5
Employment 308.3 309.0 2.4 0.7 -3.5 0.2 -1.1
Unemployment 21.5 21.2 1.0 -0.3 2.1 -1.4 11.0
Participation rate 64.3 64.1 0.5 -0.2 -3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.4 0.3 -0.1 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 60.1 60.0 0.5 -0.1 -3.5 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 330.3 331.7 ... 1.4 14.2 0.4 4.5
Labour force 212.2 212.8 2.1 0.6 13.0 0.3 6.5
Employment 192.8 193.8 2.2 1.0 6.4 0.5 3.4
Unemployment 19.5 18.9 1.0 -0.6 6.5 -3.1 52.4
Participation rate 64.2 64.2 0.7 0.0 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.2 8.9 0.5 -0.3 2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.4 58.4 0.7 0.0 -0.6 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 194.0 194.6 ... 0.6 6.2 0.3 3.3
Labour force 131.7 132.8 1.8 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.0
Employment 123.0 125.1 1.9 2.1 -0.3 1.7 -0.2
Unemployment 8.6 7.8 0.9 -0.8 1.8 -9.3 30.0
Participation rate 67.9 68.2 0.9 0.3 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 5.9 0.7 -0.6 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.4 64.3 1.0 0.9 -2.3 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 150.6 150.9 ... 0.3 3.2 0.2 2.2
Labour force 90.4 91.4 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1
Employment 85.0 86.3 1.1 1.3 0.2 1.5 0.2
Unemployment 5.4 5.2 0.4 -0.2 1.0 -3.7 23.8
Participation rate 60.0 60.6 0.7 0.6 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 5.7 0.4 -0.3 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.4 57.2 0.8 0.8 -1.1 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 110.1 110.4 ... 0.3 2.6 0.3 2.4
Labour force 67.3 67.4 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.6
Employment 64.8 64.4 0.7 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 0.9
Unemployment 2.5 3.0 0.2 0.5 -0.2 20.0 -6.3
Participation rate 61.1 61.1 0.6 0.0 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.7 4.5 0.3 0.8 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 58.3 0.6 -0.6 -0.9 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 768.4 771.6 ... 3.2 34.5 0.4 4.7
Labour force 519.3 522.3 1.8 3.0 23.6 0.6 4.7
Employment 490.4 492.3 1.9 1.9 19.1 0.4 4.0
Unemployment 28.8 30.1 1.0 1.3 4.6 4.5 18.0
Participation rate 67.6 67.7 0.2 0.1 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.8 0.2 0.3 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 63.8 0.2 0.0 -0.4 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 239.3 240.4 ... 1.1 10.8 0.5 4.7
Labour force 161.4 160.8 1.2 -0.6 3.6 -0.4 2.3
Employment 151.0 150.7 1.2 -0.3 1.8 -0.2 1.2
Unemployment 10.4 10.1 0.5 -0.3 1.8 -2.9 21.7
Participation rate 67.4 66.9 0.5 -0.5 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.3 0.3 -0.1 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.1 62.7 0.5 -0.4 -2.2 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 305.6 306.9 ... 1.3 13.5 0.4 4.6
Labour force 219.1 220.6 1.2 1.5 10.6 0.7 5.0
Employment 207.5 208.8 1.2 1.3 10.3 0.6 5.2
Unemployment 11.6 11.9 0.6 0.3 0.4 2.6 3.5
Participation rate 71.7 71.9 0.4 0.2 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.4 0.3 0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 67.9 68.0 0.4 0.1 0.3 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 117.8 118.3 ... 0.5 5.6 0.4 5.0
Labour force 82.1 80.3 1.3 -1.8 7.7 -2.2 10.6
Employment 78.1 76.2 1.3 -1.9 7.5 -2.4 10.9
Unemployment 4.0 4.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 2.5 5.1
Participation rate 69.7 67.9 1.1 -1.8 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.1 0.7 0.2 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 66.3 64.4 1.2 -1.9 3.4 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,429.6 1,436.5 ... 6.9 72.9 0.5 5.3
Labour force 1,019.5 1,017.3 5.6 -2.2 40.4 -0.2 4.1
Employment 943.2 942.2 5.6 -1.0 22.8 -0.1 2.5
Unemployment 76.3 75.2 2.9 -1.1 17.7 -1.4 30.8
Participation rate 71.3 70.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.4 0.3 -0.1 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 66.0 65.6 0.4 -0.4 -1.8 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,364.1 1,371.0 ... 6.9 73.0 0.5 5.6
Labour force 928.4 936.6 5.2 8.2 27.8 0.9 3.1
Employment 848.6 852.6 5.3 4.0 0.0 0.5 0.0
Unemployment 79.7 84.0 2.7 4.3 27.8 5.4 49.5
Participation rate 68.1 68.3 0.4 0.2 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.6 9.0 0.3 0.4 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 62.2 0.4 0.0 -3.5 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 199.7 200.3 ... 0.6 6.4 0.3 3.3
Labour force 116.9 116.0 2.3 -0.9 -5.4 -0.8 -4.4
Employment 111.4 110.5 2.3 -0.9 -7.8 -0.8 -6.6
Unemployment 5.5 5.5 0.8 0.0 2.4 0.0 77.4
Participation rate 58.5 57.9 1.2 -0.6 -4.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.7 0.6 0.0 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 55.8 55.2 1.2 -0.6 -5.8 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 184.0 184.5 ... 0.5 6.0 0.3 3.4
Labour force 123.6 124.3 1.2 0.7 11.8 0.6 10.5
Employment 115.4 116.3 1.2 0.9 10.2 0.8 9.6
Unemployment 8.2 8.0 0.5 -0.2 1.5 -2.4 23.1
Participation rate 67.2 67.4 0.6 0.2 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.4 0.4 -0.2 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 63.0 0.7 0.3 3.6 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,551.5 2,561.3 ... 9.8 102.8 0.4 4.2
Labour force 1,691.7 1,698.0 6.1 6.3 8.0 0.4 0.5
Employment 1,592.5 1,591.2 6.2 -1.3 1.8 -0.1 0.1
Unemployment 99.2 106.8 3.1 7.6 6.2 7.7 6.2
Participation rate 66.3 66.3 0.2 0.0 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 6.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.4 62.1 0.2 -0.3 -2.5 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 375.7 376.8 ... 1.1 11.8 0.3 3.2
Labour force 252.5 251.0 2.2 -1.5 13.0 -0.6 5.5
Employment 244.2 242.6 2.2 -1.6 13.8 -0.7 6.0
Unemployment 8.3 8.5 0.8 0.2 -0.7 2.4 -7.6
Participation rate 67.2 66.6 0.6 -0.6 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.3 3.4 0.3 0.1 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 65.0 64.4 0.6 -0.6 1.7 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: