Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  July
2024
August
2024
Standard error1 July to August 2024 August 2023 to August 2024 July to August 2024 August 2023 to August 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 195.4 195.8 ... 0.4 5.3 0.2 2.8
Labour force 128.8 127.8 0.8 -1.0 2.2 -0.8 1.8
Employment 119.4 118.7 0.8 -0.7 0.8 -0.6 0.7
Unemployment 9.5 9.1 0.4 -0.4 1.3 -4.2 16.7
Participation rate 65.9 65.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.1 0.3 -0.3 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 60.6 0.4 -0.5 -1.3 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 428.8 430.4 ... 1.6 19.5 0.4 4.7
Labour force 295.8 295.2 1.6 -0.6 15.5 -0.2 5.5
Employment 278.7 278.3 1.6 -0.4 17.9 -0.1 6.9
Unemployment 17.1 16.8 0.9 -0.3 -2.4 -1.8 -12.5
Participation rate 69.0 68.6 0.4 -0.4 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.7 0.3 -0.1 -1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.0 64.7 0.4 -0.3 1.3 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 151.9 152.6 ... 0.7 7.8 0.5 5.4
Labour force 100.2 100.9 0.9 0.7 5.2 0.7 5.4
Employment 94.3 94.9 0.9 0.6 4.6 0.6 5.1
Unemployment 5.9 6.0 0.4 0.1 0.6 1.7 11.1
Participation rate 66.0 66.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.9 0.4 0.0 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 62.2 0.6 0.1 -0.2 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 119.5 119.9 ... 0.4 3.8 0.3 3.3
Labour force 79.1 77.8 0.8 -1.3 4.7 -1.6 6.4
Employment 72.8 72.4 0.9 -0.4 3.7 -0.5 5.4
Unemployment 6.3 5.4 0.3 -0.9 1.0 -14.3 22.7
Participation rate 66.2 64.9 0.7 -1.3 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 6.9 0.4 -1.1 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 60.9 60.4 0.7 -0.5 1.2 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 137.8 138.0 ... 0.2 1.9 0.1 1.4
Labour force 77.3 77.7 1.1 0.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.6
Employment 74.9 74.6 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4
Unemployment 2.3 3.0 0.3 0.7 -0.3 30.4 -9.1
Participation rate 56.1 56.3 0.8 0.2 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.0 3.9 0.4 0.9 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 54.4 54.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.9 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 712.5 713.8 ... 1.3 12.9 0.2 1.8
Labour force 471.0 468.5 3.3 -2.5 -0.9 -0.5 -0.2
Employment 453.2 449.9 3.3 -3.3 -5.4 -0.7 -1.2
Unemployment 17.9 18.6 1.0 0.7 4.5 3.9 31.9
Participation rate 66.1 65.6 0.5 -0.5 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.8 4.0 0.2 0.2 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.0 0.5 -0.6 -2.0 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 199.4 199.9 ... 0.5 5.4 0.3 2.8
Labour force 124.9 123.9 1.2 -1.0 11.0 -0.8 9.7
Employment 119.1 117.5 1.3 -1.6 8.4 -1.3 7.7
Unemployment 5.7 6.4 0.5 0.7 2.7 12.3 73.0
Participation rate 62.6 62.0 0.6 -0.6 4.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.6 5.2 0.4 0.6 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 59.7 58.8 0.6 -0.9 2.7 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 141.4 141.6 ... 0.2 2.4 0.1 1.7
Labour force 85.3 86.4 0.9 1.1 5.9 1.3 7.3
Employment 80.0 80.6 0.9 0.6 3.4 0.8 4.4
Unemployment 5.3 5.8 0.3 0.5 2.5 9.4 75.8
Participation rate 60.3 61.0 0.6 0.7 3.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.7 0.4 0.5 2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 56.6 56.9 0.6 0.3 1.4 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,866.8 3,880.1 ... 13.3 134.5 0.3 3.6
Labour force 2,547.1 2,566.5 8.9 19.4 9.7 0.8 0.4
Employment 2,382.6 2,391.6 9.2 9.0 -35.3 0.4 -1.5
Unemployment 164.5 174.9 4.7 10.4 45.0 6.3 34.6
Participation rate 65.9 66.1 0.2 0.2 -2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.8 0.2 0.3 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.6 61.6 0.2 0.0 -3.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,313.3 1,317.4 ... 4.1 46.0 0.3 3.6
Labour force 893.8 904.2 4.3 10.4 23.1 1.2 2.6
Employment 837.8 844.7 4.5 6.9 5.7 0.8 0.7
Unemployment 56.0 59.5 1.9 3.5 17.4 6.3 41.3
Participation rate 68.1 68.6 0.3 0.5 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.6 0.2 0.3 1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 64.1 0.3 0.3 -1.9 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 299.7 300.2 ... 0.5 5.4 0.2 1.8
Labour force 199.8 200.3 1.5 0.5 4.5 0.3 2.3
Employment 187.2 186.7 1.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3
Unemployment 12.6 13.7 0.5 1.1 5.1 8.7 59.3
Participation rate 66.7 66.7 0.5 0.0 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.8 0.3 0.5 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 62.2 0.5 -0.3 -1.3 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 1,013.6 1,017.1 ... 3.5 40.5 0.3 4.1
Labour force 694.0 703.9 4.1 9.9 18.5 1.4 2.7
Employment 650.6 658.0 4.2 7.4 6.2 1.1 1.0
Unemployment 43.4 45.9 1.8 2.5 12.3 5.8 36.6
Participation rate 68.5 69.2 0.4 0.7 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.5 0.3 0.2 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.2 64.7 0.4 0.5 -2.0 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 160.3 161.0 ... 0.7 7.1 0.4 4.6
Labour force 98.5 97.1 1.0 -1.4 -0.3 -1.4 -0.3
Employment 92.6 90.9 1.0 -1.7 -2.7 -1.8 -2.9
Unemployment 5.9 6.2 0.3 0.3 2.4 5.1 63.2
Participation rate 61.4 60.3 0.6 -1.1 -3.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.4 0.3 0.4 2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 57.8 56.5 0.6 -1.3 -4.3 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 98.8 95.6 ... -3.2 -15.7 -3.2 -14.1
Labour force 52.1 52.9 2.9 0.8 -18.7 1.5 -26.1
Employment 49.1 49.8 2.7 0.7 -14.3 1.4 -22.3
Unemployment 3.0 3.1 0.6 0.1 -4.4 3.3 -58.7
Participation rate 52.7 55.3 2.5 2.6 -9.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.9 1.0 0.1 -4.6 ... ...
Employment rate 49.7 52.1 2.2 2.4 -5.5 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 120.6 121.0 ... 0.4 4.0 0.3 3.4
Labour force 66.4 66.6 1.4 0.2 -4.1 0.3 -5.8
Employment 64.2 63.6 1.5 -0.6 -4.3 -0.9 -6.3
Unemployment 2.1 3.0 0.5 0.9 0.2 42.9 7.1
Participation rate 55.1 55.0 1.2 -0.1 -5.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.2 4.5 0.7 1.3 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 53.2 52.6 1.3 -0.6 -5.4 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 367.1 368.0 ... 0.9 9.4 0.2 2.6
Labour force 243.8 244.1 2.0 0.3 8.1 0.1 3.4
Employment 227.5 225.1 2.1 -2.4 1.6 -1.1 0.7
Unemployment 16.3 19.0 1.0 2.7 6.5 16.6 52.0
Participation rate 66.4 66.3 0.6 -0.1 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 7.8 0.4 1.1 2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 61.2 0.6 -0.8 -1.1 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 6,098.9 6,125.5 ... 26.6 291.5 0.4 5.0
Labour force 4,055.2 4,072.0 11.2 16.8 120.0 0.4 3.0
Employment 3,743.2 3,745.7 11.2 2.5 51.2 0.1 1.4
Unemployment 311.9 326.3 6.4 14.4 68.9 4.6 26.8
Participation rate 66.5 66.5 0.2 0.0 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 8.0 0.2 0.3 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 61.1 0.2 -0.3 -2.2 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 700.4 702.1 ... 1.7 18.1 0.2 2.6
Labour force 459.3 457.0 3.2 -2.3 19.4 -0.5 4.4
Employment 426.2 426.2 3.2 0.0 11.9 0.0 2.9
Unemployment 33.2 30.8 1.3 -2.4 7.5 -7.2 32.2
Participation rate 65.6 65.1 0.5 -0.5 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 6.7 0.3 -0.5 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 60.9 60.7 0.5 -0.2 0.1 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 395.1 396.3 ... 1.2 13.0 0.3 3.4
Labour force 242.5 241.6 3.0 -0.9 9.4 -0.4 4.0
Employment 223.0 223.4 2.9 0.4 6.9 0.2 3.2
Unemployment 19.5 18.1 1.3 -1.4 2.4 -7.2 15.3
Participation rate 61.4 61.0 0.8 -0.4 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 7.5 0.5 -0.5 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 56.4 56.4 0.7 0.0 -0.1 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 551.5 554.1 ... 2.6 27.8 0.5 5.3
Labour force 388.9 387.5 2.1 -1.4 18.5 -0.4 5.0
Employment 363.6 359.9 2.1 -3.7 11.4 -1.0 3.3
Unemployment 25.3 27.6 1.1 2.3 7.1 9.1 34.6
Participation rate 70.5 69.9 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 7.1 0.3 0.6 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 65.9 65.0 0.4 -0.9 -1.2 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 124.2 124.4 ... 0.2 2.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 83.2 81.7 1.0 -1.5 1.6 -1.8 2.0
Employment 78.2 76.0 0.9 -2.2 -0.2 -2.8 -0.3
Unemployment 5.0 5.7 0.4 0.7 1.8 14.0 46.2
Participation rate 67.0 65.7 0.8 -1.3 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 7.0 0.5 1.0 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 61.1 0.8 -1.9 -1.2 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 150.7 151.1 ... 0.4 4.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 106.0 104.7 1.3 -1.3 0.8 -1.2 0.8
Employment 101.9 99.8 1.3 -2.1 0.4 -2.1 0.4
Unemployment 4.1 4.9 0.6 0.8 0.4 19.5 8.9
Participation rate 70.3 69.3 0.9 -1.0 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.7 0.6 0.8 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 67.6 66.0 0.9 -1.6 -1.9 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 510.7 512.7 ... 2.0 22.5 0.4 4.6
Labour force 333.6 329.9 2.3 -3.7 2.4 -1.1 0.7
Employment 311.9 308.3 2.4 -3.6 -1.5 -1.2 -0.5
Unemployment 21.6 21.5 1.0 -0.1 3.8 -0.5 21.5
Participation rate 65.3 64.3 0.5 -1.0 -2.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.5 0.3 0.0 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 60.1 0.5 -1.0 -3.1 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 329.1 330.3 ... 1.2 13.8 0.4 4.4
Labour force 212.1 212.2 2.1 0.1 10.5 0.0 5.2
Employment 192.9 192.8 2.2 -0.1 3.2 -0.1 1.7
Unemployment 19.2 19.5 1.0 0.3 7.3 1.6 59.8
Participation rate 64.4 64.2 0.7 -0.2 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.1 9.2 0.5 0.1 3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 58.6 58.4 0.7 -0.2 -1.5 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 193.5 194.0 ... 0.5 6.1 0.3 3.2
Labour force 131.0 131.7 1.8 0.7 -3.3 0.5 -2.4
Employment 122.9 123.0 1.9 0.1 -5.8 0.1 -4.5
Unemployment 8.1 8.6 0.9 0.5 2.4 6.2 38.7
Participation rate 67.7 67.9 0.9 0.2 -3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.5 0.7 0.3 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.5 63.4 1.0 -0.1 -5.1 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 150.3 150.6 ... 0.3 3.1 0.2 2.1
Labour force 88.2 90.4 1.1 2.2 1.1 2.5 1.2
Employment 83.1 85.0 1.1 1.9 -0.2 2.3 -0.2
Unemployment 5.2 5.4 0.4 0.2 1.3 3.8 31.7
Participation rate 58.7 60.0 0.7 1.3 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 6.0 0.4 0.1 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.3 56.4 0.8 1.1 -1.4 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 109.9 110.1 ... 0.2 2.5 0.2 2.3
Labour force 66.7 67.3 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.9 0.4
Employment 64.7 64.8 0.7 0.1 1.0 0.2 1.6
Unemployment 2.0 2.5 0.2 0.5 -0.6 25.0 -19.4
Participation rate 60.7 61.1 0.6 0.4 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.0 3.7 0.3 0.7 -0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 58.9 0.6 0.0 -0.4 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 765.1 768.4 ... 3.3 33.8 0.4 4.6
Labour force 516.1 519.3 1.8 3.2 22.6 0.6 4.6
Employment 488.4 490.4 1.9 2.0 19.4 0.4 4.1
Unemployment 27.7 28.8 1.0 1.1 3.1 4.0 12.1
Participation rate 67.5 67.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.5 0.2 0.1 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 63.8 0.2 0.0 -0.3 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 238.3 239.3 ... 1.0 10.6 0.4 4.6
Labour force 162.5 161.4 1.2 -1.1 5.4 -0.7 3.5
Employment 151.8 151.0 1.2 -0.8 2.9 -0.5 2.0
Unemployment 10.8 10.4 0.5 -0.4 2.5 -3.7 31.6
Participation rate 68.2 67.4 0.5 -0.8 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.4 0.3 -0.2 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 63.1 0.5 -0.6 -1.7 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 304.3 305.6 ... 1.3 13.4 0.4 4.6
Labour force 216.5 219.1 1.2 2.6 9.5 1.2 4.5
Employment 205.2 207.5 1.2 2.3 9.2 1.1 4.6
Unemployment 11.3 11.6 0.6 0.3 0.2 2.7 1.8
Participation rate 71.1 71.7 0.4 0.6 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.3 0.3 0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 67.4 67.9 0.4 0.5 0.0 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 117.3 117.8 ... 0.5 5.5 0.4 4.9
Labour force 83.4 82.1 1.3 -1.3 10.9 -1.6 15.3
Employment 79.4 78.1 1.3 -1.3 10.8 -1.6 16.0
Unemployment 4.0 4.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 2.6
Participation rate 71.1 69.7 1.1 -1.4 6.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 4.9 0.7 0.1 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 67.7 66.3 1.2 -1.4 6.4 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,423.0 1,429.6 ... 6.6 72.2 0.5 5.3
Labour force 1,015.6 1,019.5 5.6 3.9 38.0 0.4 3.9
Employment 938.3 943.2 5.6 4.9 19.2 0.5 2.1
Unemployment 77.3 76.3 2.9 -1.0 18.8 -1.3 32.7
Participation rate 71.4 71.3 0.4 -0.1 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 7.5 0.3 -0.1 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 65.9 66.0 0.4 0.1 -2.1 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,357.5 1,364.1 ... 6.6 72.2 0.5 5.6
Labour force 924.4 928.4 5.2 4.0 22.2 0.4 2.4
Employment 850.0 848.6 5.3 -1.4 -1.5 -0.2 -0.2
Unemployment 74.3 79.7 2.7 5.4 23.6 7.3 42.1
Participation rate 68.1 68.1 0.4 0.0 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 8.6 0.3 0.6 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 62.2 0.4 -0.4 -3.6 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 199.1 199.7 ... 0.6 6.3 0.3 3.3
Labour force 116.9 116.9 2.3 0.0 -5.1 0.0 -4.2
Employment 111.7 111.4 2.3 -0.3 -7.4 -0.3 -6.2
Unemployment 5.2 5.5 0.8 0.3 2.3 5.8 71.9
Participation rate 58.7 58.5 1.2 -0.2 -4.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.7 0.6 0.3 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.1 55.8 1.2 -0.3 -5.6 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 183.4 184.0 ... 0.6 6.0 0.3 3.4
Labour force 123.0 123.6 1.2 0.6 9.8 0.5 8.6
Employment 115.1 115.4 1.2 0.3 8.4 0.3 7.9
Unemployment 7.8 8.2 0.5 0.4 1.4 5.1 20.6
Participation rate 67.1 67.2 0.6 0.1 3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.6 0.4 0.3 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 62.8 62.7 0.7 -0.1 2.6 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,541.9 2,551.5 ... 9.6 100.6 0.4 4.1
Labour force 1,699.3 1,691.7 6.1 -7.6 16.6 -0.4 1.0
Employment 1,601.1 1,592.5 6.2 -8.6 14.0 -0.5 0.9
Unemployment 98.2 99.2 3.1 1.0 2.5 1.0 2.6
Participation rate 66.9 66.3 0.2 -0.6 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.9 0.2 0.1 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 62.4 0.2 -0.6 -2.0 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 374.6 375.7 ... 1.1 11.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 254.2 252.5 2.2 -1.7 19.5 -0.7 8.4
Employment 245.2 244.2 2.2 -1.0 19.5 -0.4 8.7
Unemployment 9.1 8.3 0.8 -0.8 0.1 -8.8 1.2
Participation rate 67.9 67.2 0.6 -0.7 3.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.6 3.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.5 65.0 0.6 -0.5 3.3 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: