Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  June
2024
July
2024
Standard error1 June to July 2024 July 2023 to July 2024 June to July 2024 July 2023 to July 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 195.1 195.4 ... 0.3 5.5 0.2 2.9
Labour force 129.2 128.8 0.8 -0.4 4.6 -0.3 3.7
Employment 119.4 119.4 0.8 0.0 2.7 0.0 2.3
Unemployment 9.9 9.5 0.4 -0.4 2.0 -4.0 26.7
Participation rate 66.2 65.9 0.4 -0.3 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.4 0.3 -0.3 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 61.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 427.0 428.8 ... 1.8 19.6 0.4 4.8
Labour force 297.0 295.8 1.6 -1.2 17.2 -0.4 6.2
Employment 279.9 278.7 1.6 -1.2 18.8 -0.4 7.2
Unemployment 17.2 17.1 0.9 -0.1 -1.6 -0.6 -8.6
Participation rate 69.6 69.0 0.4 -0.6 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.8 0.3 0.0 -0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 65.6 65.0 0.4 -0.6 1.5 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 151.1 151.9 ... 0.8 7.7 0.5 5.3
Labour force 99.2 100.2 0.9 1.0 4.1 1.0 4.3
Employment 93.9 94.3 0.9 0.4 3.4 0.4 3.7
Unemployment 5.3 5.9 0.4 0.6 0.7 11.3 13.5
Participation rate 65.7 66.0 0.6 0.3 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.9 0.4 0.6 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 62.1 0.6 0.0 -0.9 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 119.1 119.5 ... 0.4 3.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 79.9 79.1 0.8 -0.8 8.0 -1.0 11.3
Employment 73.2 72.8 0.9 -0.4 5.6 -0.5 8.3
Unemployment 6.6 6.3 0.3 -0.3 2.3 -4.5 57.5
Participation rate 67.1 66.2 0.7 -0.9 4.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 8.0 0.4 -0.3 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 60.9 0.7 -0.6 2.9 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 137.6 137.8 ... 0.2 1.8 0.1 1.3
Labour force 76.7 77.3 1.1 0.6 -3.5 0.8 -4.3
Employment 74.8 74.9 1.1 0.1 -2.5 0.1 -3.2
Unemployment 1.9 2.3 0.3 0.4 -1.0 21.1 -30.3
Participation rate 55.7 56.1 0.8 0.4 -3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 2.5 3.0 0.4 0.5 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 54.4 54.4 0.8 0.0 -2.5 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 711.2 712.5 ... 1.3 12.4 0.2 1.8
Labour force 475.5 471.0 3.3 -4.5 5.9 -0.9 1.3
Employment 460.3 453.2 3.3 -7.1 3.4 -1.5 0.8
Unemployment 15.2 17.9 1.0 2.7 2.5 17.8 16.2
Participation rate 66.9 66.1 0.5 -0.8 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.2 3.8 0.2 0.6 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.7 63.6 0.5 -1.1 -0.6 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 198.8 199.4 ... 0.6 5.3 0.3 2.7
Labour force 124.7 124.9 1.2 0.2 11.9 0.2 10.5
Employment 119.8 119.1 1.3 -0.7 10.0 -0.6 9.2
Unemployment 4.9 5.7 0.5 0.8 1.8 16.3 46.2
Participation rate 62.7 62.6 0.6 -0.1 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.6 0.4 0.7 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 59.7 0.6 -0.6 3.5 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 141.1 141.4 ... 0.3 2.4 0.2 1.7
Labour force 84.5 85.3 0.9 0.8 5.2 0.9 6.5
Employment 79.4 80.0 0.9 0.6 3.2 0.8 4.2
Unemployment 5.1 5.3 0.3 0.2 2.0 3.9 60.6
Participation rate 59.9 60.3 0.6 0.4 2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.2 0.4 0.2 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.3 56.6 0.6 0.3 1.3 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,853.5 3,866.8 ... 13.3 129.3 0.3 3.5
Labour force 2,538.4 2,547.1 8.9 8.7 -3.9 0.3 -0.2
Employment 2,382.1 2,382.6 9.2 0.5 -48.8 0.0 -2.0
Unemployment 156.3 164.5 4.7 8.2 44.9 5.2 37.5
Participation rate 65.9 65.9 0.2 0.0 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.5 0.2 0.3 1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 61.6 0.2 -0.2 -3.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,309.2 1,313.3 ... 4.1 45.5 0.3 3.6
Labour force 886.2 893.8 4.3 7.6 19.8 0.9 2.3
Employment 833.3 837.8 4.5 4.5 4.1 0.5 0.5
Unemployment 52.9 56.0 1.9 3.1 15.6 5.9 38.6
Participation rate 67.7 68.1 0.3 0.4 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.3 0.2 0.3 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.8 0.3 0.2 -2.0 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 299.1 299.7 ... 0.6 5.3 0.2 1.8
Labour force 199.7 199.8 1.5 0.1 4.5 0.1 2.3
Employment 187.7 187.2 1.6 -0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.2
Unemployment 11.9 12.6 0.5 0.7 4.3 5.9 51.8
Participation rate 66.8 66.7 0.5 -0.1 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.3 0.3 0.3 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.8 62.5 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 1,010.1 1,013.6 ... 3.5 40.2 0.3 4.1
Labour force 686.5 694.0 4.1 7.5 15.2 1.1 2.2
Employment 645.5 650.6 4.2 5.1 3.9 0.8 0.6
Unemployment 41.0 43.4 1.8 2.4 11.3 5.9 35.2
Participation rate 68.0 68.5 0.4 0.5 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.3 0.3 0.3 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 64.2 0.4 0.3 -2.2 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 159.7 160.3 ... 0.6 7.1 0.4 4.6
Labour force 99.3 98.5 1.0 -0.8 0.8 -0.8 0.8
Employment 94.0 92.6 1.0 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5
Unemployment 5.3 5.9 0.3 0.6 2.2 11.3 59.5
Participation rate 62.2 61.4 0.6 -0.8 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 6.0 0.3 0.7 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 57.8 0.6 -1.1 -3.6 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 98.9 98.8 ... -0.1 -12.8 -0.1 -11.5
Labour force 49.7 52.1 2.9 2.4 -19.6 4.8 -27.3
Employment 46.6 49.1 2.7 2.5 -15.3 5.4 -23.8
Unemployment 3.1 3.0 0.6 -0.1 -4.3 -3.2 -58.9
Participation rate 50.3 52.7 2.5 2.4 -11.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 5.8 1.0 -0.4 -4.4 ... ...
Employment rate 47.1 49.7 2.2 2.6 -8.0 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 120.3 120.6 ... 0.3 3.9 0.2 3.3
Labour force 67.9 66.4 1.4 -1.5 -3.7 -2.2 -5.3
Employment 65.7 64.2 1.5 -1.5 -1.7 -2.3 -2.6
Unemployment 2.2 2.1 0.5 -0.1 -2.1 -4.5 -50.0
Participation rate 56.4 55.1 1.2 -1.3 -5.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.2 3.2 0.7 0.0 -2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 54.6 53.2 1.3 -1.4 -3.3 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 366.3 367.1 ... 0.8 9.3 0.2 2.6
Labour force 245.3 243.8 2.0 -1.5 10.2 -0.6 4.4
Employment 230.6 227.5 2.1 -3.1 6.7 -1.3 3.0
Unemployment 14.8 16.3 1.0 1.5 3.5 10.1 27.3
Participation rate 67.0 66.4 0.6 -0.6 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.7 0.4 0.7 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 62.0 0.6 -1.0 0.3 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 6,072.6 6,098.9 ... 26.3 286.5 0.4 4.9
Labour force 4,047.2 4,055.2 11.2 8.0 102.0 0.2 2.6
Employment 3,732.3 3,743.2 11.2 10.9 44.4 0.3 1.2
Unemployment 314.9 311.9 6.4 -3.0 57.5 -1.0 22.6
Participation rate 66.6 66.5 0.2 -0.1 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.7 0.2 -0.1 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 61.4 0.2 -0.1 -2.2 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 698.8 700.4 ... 1.6 17.8 0.2 2.6
Labour force 461.6 459.3 3.2 -2.3 21.5 -0.5 4.9
Employment 427.8 426.2 3.2 -1.6 11.6 -0.4 2.8
Unemployment 33.7 33.2 1.3 -0.5 10.0 -1.5 43.1
Participation rate 66.1 65.6 0.5 -0.5 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 7.2 0.3 -0.1 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 60.9 0.5 -0.3 0.2 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 393.9 395.1 ... 1.2 12.7 0.3 3.3
Labour force 239.2 242.5 3.0 3.3 9.9 1.4 4.3
Employment 219.1 223.0 2.9 3.9 4.4 1.8 2.0
Unemployment 20.1 19.5 1.3 -0.6 5.5 -3.0 39.3
Participation rate 60.7 61.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.0 0.5 -0.4 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 55.6 56.4 0.7 0.8 -0.8 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 549.0 551.5 ... 2.5 27.3 0.5 5.2
Labour force 389.7 388.9 2.1 -0.8 18.9 -0.2 5.1
Employment 365.4 363.6 2.1 -1.8 15.3 -0.5 4.4
Unemployment 24.3 25.3 1.1 1.0 3.6 4.1 16.6
Participation rate 71.0 70.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.5 0.3 0.3 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 66.6 65.9 0.4 -0.7 -0.5 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 124.0 124.2 ... 0.2 2.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 84.1 83.2 1.0 -0.9 2.8 -1.1 3.5
Employment 79.3 78.2 0.9 -1.1 1.3 -1.4 1.7
Unemployment 4.8 5.0 0.4 0.2 1.5 4.2 42.9
Participation rate 67.8 67.0 0.8 -0.8 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 6.0 0.5 0.3 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 63.0 0.8 -1.0 0.0 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 150.3 150.7 ... 0.4 4.6 0.3 3.1
Labour force 107.0 106.0 1.3 -1.0 1.5 -0.9 1.4
Employment 103.0 101.9 1.3 -1.1 2.0 -1.1 2.0
Unemployment 4.0 4.1 0.6 0.1 -0.5 2.5 -10.9
Participation rate 71.2 70.3 0.9 -0.9 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.7 3.9 0.6 0.2 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 68.5 67.6 0.9 -0.9 -0.8 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 508.6 510.7 ... 2.1 22.2 0.4 4.5
Labour force 335.1 333.6 2.3 -1.5 11.2 -0.4 3.5
Employment 314.2 311.9 2.4 -2.3 6.1 -0.7 2.0
Unemployment 20.9 21.6 1.0 0.7 5.0 3.3 30.1
Participation rate 65.9 65.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.5 0.3 0.3 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 61.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.5 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 327.8 329.1 ... 1.3 13.6 0.4 4.3
Labour force 210.0 212.1 2.1 2.1 11.3 1.0 5.6
Employment 190.9 192.9 2.2 2.0 3.6 1.0 1.9
Unemployment 19.1 19.2 1.0 0.1 7.6 0.5 65.5
Participation rate 64.1 64.4 0.7 0.3 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.1 9.1 0.5 0.0 3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 58.2 58.6 0.7 0.4 -1.4 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 192.9 193.5 ... 0.6 6.1 0.3 3.3
Labour force 131.8 131.0 1.8 -0.8 -7.1 -0.6 -5.1
Employment 124.3 122.9 1.9 -1.4 -9.0 -1.1 -6.8
Unemployment 7.6 8.1 0.9 0.5 1.8 6.6 28.6
Participation rate 68.3 67.7 0.9 -0.6 -6.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 6.2 0.7 0.4 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 63.5 1.0 -0.9 -6.9 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 150.0 150.3 ... 0.3 3.0 0.2 2.0
Labour force 87.7 88.2 1.1 0.5 -2.0 0.6 -2.2
Employment 82.8 83.1 1.1 0.3 -2.8 0.4 -3.3
Unemployment 5.0 5.2 0.4 0.2 0.9 4.0 20.9
Participation rate 58.5 58.7 0.7 0.2 -2.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.9 0.4 0.2 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 55.2 55.3 0.8 0.1 -3.0 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 109.6 109.9 ... 0.3 2.5 0.3 2.3
Labour force 66.3 66.7 0.6 0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.3
Employment 64.3 64.7 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.6 1.1
Unemployment 2.0 2.0 0.2 0.0 -0.9 0.0 -31.0
Participation rate 60.5 60.7 0.6 0.2 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.0 3.0 0.3 0.0 -1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 58.7 58.9 0.6 0.2 -0.7 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 761.9 765.1 ... 3.2 33.0 0.4 4.5
Labour force 511.5 516.1 1.8 4.6 20.9 0.9 4.2
Employment 485.6 488.4 1.9 2.8 17.6 0.6 3.7
Unemployment 25.8 27.7 1.0 1.9 3.2 7.4 13.1
Participation rate 67.1 67.5 0.2 0.4 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.4 0.2 0.4 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 63.8 0.2 0.1 -0.5 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 237.3 238.3 ... 1.0 10.5 0.4 4.6
Labour force 162.6 162.5 1.2 -0.1 6.8 -0.1 4.4
Employment 151.1 151.8 1.2 0.7 3.2 0.5 2.2
Unemployment 11.4 10.8 0.5 -0.6 3.7 -5.3 52.1
Participation rate 68.5 68.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 6.6 0.3 -0.4 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 63.7 0.5 0.0 -1.5 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 303.1 304.3 ... 1.2 13.3 0.4 4.6
Labour force 213.3 216.5 1.2 3.2 8.7 1.5 4.2
Employment 202.1 205.2 1.2 3.1 7.3 1.5 3.7
Unemployment 11.2 11.3 0.6 0.1 1.4 0.9 14.1
Participation rate 70.4 71.1 0.4 0.7 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.2 0.3 -0.1 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 66.7 67.4 0.4 0.7 -0.6 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 116.8 117.3 ... 0.5 5.5 0.4 4.9
Labour force 84.3 83.4 1.3 -0.9 13.6 -1.1 19.5
Employment 80.0 79.4 1.3 -0.6 13.5 -0.8 20.5
Unemployment 4.3 4.0 0.5 -0.3 0.1 -7.0 2.6
Participation rate 72.2 71.1 1.1 -1.1 8.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 4.8 0.7 -0.3 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 68.5 67.7 1.2 -0.8 8.8 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,416.2 1,423.0 ... 6.8 72.0 0.5 5.3
Labour force 1,027.6 1,015.6 5.6 -12.0 41.1 -1.2 4.2
Employment 940.3 938.3 5.6 -2.0 25.0 -0.2 2.7
Unemployment 87.3 77.3 2.9 -10.0 16.1 -11.5 26.3
Participation rate 72.6 71.4 0.4 -1.2 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.5 7.6 0.3 -0.9 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 66.4 65.9 0.4 -0.5 -1.7 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,350.7 1,357.5 ... 6.8 72.1 0.5 5.6
Labour force 918.4 924.4 5.2 6.0 17.2 0.7 1.9
Employment 853.3 850.0 5.3 -3.3 -2.1 -0.4 -0.2
Unemployment 65.2 74.3 2.7 9.1 19.1 14.0 34.6
Participation rate 68.0 68.1 0.4 0.1 -2.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 8.0 0.3 0.9 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.2 62.6 0.4 -0.6 -3.7 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 198.5 199.1 ... 0.6 6.2 0.3 3.2
Labour force 118.6 116.9 2.3 -1.7 -5.6 -1.4 -4.6
Employment 114.0 111.7 2.3 -2.3 -7.3 -2.0 -6.1
Unemployment 4.6 5.2 0.8 0.6 1.7 13.0 48.6
Participation rate 59.7 58.7 1.2 -1.0 -4.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.4 0.6 0.5 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 57.4 56.1 1.2 -1.3 -5.6 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 182.8 183.4 ... 0.6 5.9 0.3 3.3
Labour force 121.7 123.0 1.2 1.3 10.0 1.1 8.8
Employment 114.4 115.1 1.2 0.7 7.9 0.6 7.4
Unemployment 7.3 7.8 0.5 0.5 2.0 6.8 34.5
Participation rate 66.6 67.1 0.6 0.5 3.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.3 0.4 0.3 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 62.8 0.7 0.2 2.4 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,532.3 2,541.9 ... 9.6 98.9 0.4 4.0
Labour force 1,705.1 1,699.3 6.1 -5.8 32.0 -0.3 1.9
Employment 1,609.4 1,601.1 6.2 -8.3 25.9 -0.5 1.6
Unemployment 95.7 98.2 3.1 2.5 6.1 2.6 6.6
Participation rate 67.3 66.9 0.2 -0.4 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 5.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.0 0.2 -0.6 -1.5 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 373.5 374.6 ... 1.1 11.6 0.3 3.2
Labour force 253.1 254.2 2.2 1.1 26.9 0.4 11.8
Employment 243.4 245.2 2.2 1.8 26.0 0.7 11.9
Unemployment 9.7 9.1 0.8 -0.6 1.0 -6.2 12.3
Participation rate 67.8 67.9 0.6 0.1 5.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.8 3.6 0.3 -0.2 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 65.2 65.5 0.6 0.3 5.1 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: