Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  May
2024
June
2024
Standard error1 May to June 2024 June 2023 to June 2024 May to June 2024 June 2023 to June 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 194.7 195.1 ... 0.4 5.8 0.2 3.1
Labour force 129.2 129.2 0.8 0.0 5.8 0.0 4.7
Employment 119.9 119.4 0.9 -0.5 2.4 -0.4 2.1
Unemployment 9.4 9.9 0.4 0.5 3.5 5.3 54.7
Participation rate 66.4 66.2 0.4 -0.2 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 7.7 0.3 0.4 2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 61.6 61.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 425.3 427.0 ... 1.7 19.6 0.4 4.8
Labour force 296.0 297.0 1.5 1.0 19.7 0.3 7.1
Employment 279.6 279.9 1.5 0.3 18.5 0.1 7.1
Unemployment 16.4 17.2 0.8 0.8 1.4 4.9 8.9
Participation rate 69.6 69.6 0.4 0.0 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.8 0.3 0.3 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 65.7 65.6 0.4 -0.1 1.4 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 150.3 151.1 ... 0.8 7.5 0.5 5.2
Labour force 97.9 99.2 0.9 1.3 3.6 1.3 3.8
Employment 92.8 93.9 0.9 1.1 3.6 1.2 4.0
Unemployment 5.1 5.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 3.9 1.9
Participation rate 65.1 65.7 0.7 0.6 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.3 0.4 0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 62.1 0.7 0.4 -0.8 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 118.7 119.1 ... 0.4 3.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 79.8 79.9 0.9 0.1 9.3 0.1 13.2
Employment 73.6 73.2 0.9 -0.4 6.9 -0.5 10.4
Unemployment 6.2 6.6 0.3 0.4 2.3 6.5 53.5
Participation rate 67.2 67.1 0.8 -0.1 5.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 8.3 0.5 0.5 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 61.5 0.8 -0.5 4.0 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 137.4 137.6 ... 0.2 1.6 0.1 1.2
Labour force 76.7 76.7 1.1 0.0 -4.6 0.0 -5.7
Employment 75.3 74.8 1.1 -0.5 -3.6 -0.7 -4.6
Unemployment 1.4 1.9 0.3 0.5 -1.0 35.7 -34.5
Participation rate 55.8 55.7 0.8 -0.1 -4.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 1.8 2.5 0.4 0.7 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 54.8 54.4 0.8 -0.4 -3.2 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 709.9 711.2 ... 1.3 11.8 0.2 1.7
Labour force 478.7 475.5 3.4 -3.2 12.7 -0.7 2.7
Employment 463.3 460.3 3.4 -3.0 11.6 -0.6 2.6
Unemployment 15.4 15.2 1.1 -0.2 1.1 -1.3 7.8
Participation rate 67.4 66.9 0.5 -0.5 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.2 3.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.3 64.7 0.5 -0.6 0.5 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 198.3 198.8 ... 0.5 5.0 0.3 2.6
Labour force 124.8 124.7 1.3 -0.1 10.4 -0.1 9.1
Employment 119.4 119.8 1.3 0.4 9.9 0.3 9.0
Unemployment 5.4 4.9 0.4 -0.5 0.5 -9.3 11.4
Participation rate 62.9 62.7 0.7 -0.2 3.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 3.9 0.4 -0.4 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.2 60.3 0.7 0.1 3.6 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 140.9 141.1 ... 0.2 2.2 0.1 1.6
Labour force 84.5 84.5 0.9 0.0 4.2 0.0 5.2
Employment 80.1 79.4 0.9 -0.7 2.1 -0.9 2.7
Unemployment 4.4 5.1 0.3 0.7 2.1 15.9 70.0
Participation rate 60.0 59.9 0.7 -0.1 2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 6.0 0.4 0.8 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 56.8 56.3 0.7 -0.5 0.6 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,840.6 3,853.5 ... 12.9 123.4 0.3 3.3
Labour force 2,530.0 2,538.4 9.0 8.4 -10.6 0.3 -0.4
Employment 2,383.0 2,382.1 9.3 -0.9 -52.4 -0.0 -2.2
Unemployment 147.0 156.3 4.6 9.3 41.8 6.3 36.5
Participation rate 65.9 65.9 0.2 0.0 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 6.2 0.2 0.4 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 61.8 0.3 -0.2 -3.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,305.3 1,309.2 ... 3.9 44.8 0.3 3.5
Labour force 883.6 886.2 4.6 2.6 18.9 0.3 2.2
Employment 835.4 833.3 4.7 -2.1 4.5 -0.3 0.5
Unemployment 48.2 52.9 1.9 4.7 14.4 9.8 37.4
Participation rate 67.7 67.7 0.4 0.0 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 6.0 0.2 0.5 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 63.6 0.4 -0.4 -1.9 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 298.6 299.1 ... 0.5 5.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 200.5 199.7 1.5 -0.8 3.2 -0.4 1.6
Employment 189.8 187.7 1.6 -2.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.3
Unemployment 10.7 11.9 0.5 1.2 3.6 11.2 43.4
Participation rate 67.1 66.8 0.5 -0.3 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 6.0 0.3 0.7 1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 62.8 0.5 -0.8 -1.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 1,006.6 1,010.1 ... 3.5 39.8 0.3 4.1
Labour force 683.1 686.5 4.3 3.4 15.7 0.5 2.3
Employment 645.7 645.5 4.4 -0.2 5.0 -0.0 0.8
Unemployment 37.4 41.0 1.8 3.6 10.8 9.6 35.8
Participation rate 67.9 68.0 0.4 0.1 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 6.0 0.3 0.5 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 63.9 0.5 -0.2 -2.1 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 159.1 159.7 ... 0.6 7.1 0.4 4.7
Labour force 98.6 99.3 0.9 0.7 1.3 0.7 1.3
Employment 92.9 94.0 0.9 1.1 0.0 1.2 0.0
Unemployment 5.7 5.3 0.3 -0.4 1.4 -7.0 35.9
Participation rate 62.0 62.2 0.6 0.2 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.3 0.3 -0.5 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 58.4 58.9 0.6 0.5 -2.7 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 97.1 98.9 ... 1.8 -11.1 1.9 -10.1
Labour force 44.6 49.7 3.2 5.1 -20.9 11.4 -29.6
Employment 42.3 46.6 2.9 4.3 -19.3 10.2 -29.3
Unemployment 2.4 3.1 0.9 0.7 -1.6 29.2 -34.0
Participation rate 45.9 50.3 2.0 4.4 -13.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 6.2 1.3 0.8 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 43.6 47.1 1.8 3.5 -12.8 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 119.9 120.3 ... 0.4 3.9 0.3 3.4
Labour force 68.8 67.9 1.4 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.6
Employment 65.7 65.7 1.5 0.0 1.3 0.0 2.0
Unemployment 3.1 2.2 0.5 -0.9 -2.4 -29.0 -52.2
Participation rate 57.4 56.4 1.2 -1.0 -2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 3.2 0.8 -1.3 -3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 54.8 54.6 1.3 -0.2 -0.7 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 365.5 366.3 ... 0.8 9.2 0.2 2.6
Labour force 245.6 245.3 2.1 -0.3 12.6 -0.1 5.4
Employment 232.8 230.6 2.1 -2.2 10.2 -0.9 4.6
Unemployment 12.8 14.8 1.0 2.0 2.6 15.6 21.3
Participation rate 67.2 67.0 0.6 -0.2 1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 6.0 0.4 0.8 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 63.0 0.6 -0.7 1.3 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 6,047.1 6,072.6 ... 25.5 279.6 0.4 4.8
Labour force 4,037.1 4,047.2 11.4 10.1 115.5 0.3 2.9
Employment 3,719.9 3,732.3 11.4 12.4 42.1 0.3 1.1
Unemployment 317.2 314.9 6.2 -2.3 73.4 -0.7 30.4
Participation rate 66.8 66.6 0.2 -0.2 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 7.8 0.2 -0.1 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 61.5 0.2 0.0 -2.2 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 697.2 698.8 ... 1.6 17.4 0.2 2.6
Labour force 459.1 461.6 3.2 2.5 26.3 0.5 6.0
Employment 426.9 427.8 3.3 0.9 14.0 0.2 3.4
Unemployment 32.1 33.7 1.3 1.6 12.1 5.0 56.0
Participation rate 65.8 66.1 0.5 0.3 2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 7.3 0.3 0.3 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 61.2 0.5 0.0 0.5 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 392.8 393.9 ... 1.1 12.4 0.3 3.3
Labour force 233.8 239.2 3.0 5.4 5.3 2.3 2.3
Employment 215.4 219.1 2.9 3.7 -1.4 1.7 -0.6
Unemployment 18.4 20.1 1.1 1.7 6.8 9.2 51.1
Participation rate 59.5 60.7 0.8 1.2 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 8.4 0.5 0.5 2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 54.8 55.6 0.8 0.8 -2.2 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 546.6 549.0 ... 2.4 26.6 0.4 5.1
Labour force 386.6 389.7 2.0 3.1 21.5 0.8 5.8
Employment 362.8 365.4 2.1 2.6 20.0 0.7 5.8
Unemployment 23.7 24.3 1.1 0.6 1.5 2.5 6.6
Participation rate 70.7 71.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 6.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 66.4 66.6 0.4 0.2 0.5 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 123.8 124.0 ... 0.2 2.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 84.3 84.1 1.0 -0.2 2.1 -0.2 2.6
Employment 80.2 79.3 1.1 -0.9 0.6 -1.1 0.8
Unemployment 4.1 4.8 0.4 0.7 1.5 17.1 45.5
Participation rate 68.1 67.8 0.9 -0.3 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.7 0.5 0.8 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 64.8 64.0 0.9 -0.8 -0.6 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 149.9 150.3 ... 0.4 4.6 0.3 3.2
Labour force 109.2 107.0 1.3 -2.2 1.3 -2.0 1.2
Employment 104.6 103.0 1.3 -1.6 1.8 -1.5 1.8
Unemployment 4.6 4.0 0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -13.0 -11.1
Participation rate 72.8 71.2 0.9 -1.6 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.2 3.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 69.8 68.5 0.9 -1.3 -1.0 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 506.7 508.6 ... 1.9 21.6 0.4 4.4
Labour force 336.8 335.1 2.4 -1.7 15.9 -0.5 5.0
Employment 315.6 314.2 2.4 -1.4 9.9 -0.4 3.3
Unemployment 21.2 20.9 1.0 -0.3 6.0 -1.4 40.3
Participation rate 66.5 65.9 0.5 -0.6 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.2 0.3 -0.1 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 61.8 0.5 -0.5 -0.7 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 326.6 327.8 ... 1.2 13.3 0.4 4.2
Labour force 207.9 210.0 2.0 2.1 6.6 1.0 3.2
Employment 190.2 190.9 2.1 0.7 -0.6 0.4 -0.3
Unemployment 17.7 19.1 0.9 1.4 7.2 7.9 60.5
Participation rate 63.7 64.1 0.6 0.4 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.5 9.1 0.5 0.6 3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 58.2 58.2 0.7 0.0 -2.7 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 192.4 192.9 ... 0.5 5.9 0.3 3.2
Labour force 131.4 131.8 1.6 0.4 -7.7 0.3 -5.5
Employment 123.4 124.3 1.7 0.9 -9.0 0.7 -6.8
Unemployment 8.0 7.6 0.8 -0.4 1.5 -5.0 24.6
Participation rate 68.3 68.3 0.9 0.0 -6.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 5.8 0.6 -0.3 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 64.4 0.9 0.3 -6.9 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 149.7 150.0 ... 0.3 2.9 0.2 2.0
Labour force 87.5 87.7 1.0 0.2 -2.9 0.2 -3.2
Employment 82.8 82.8 1.0 0.0 -3.7 0.0 -4.3
Unemployment 4.6 5.0 0.4 0.4 1.0 8.7 25.0
Participation rate 58.5 58.5 0.7 0.0 -3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.7 0.4 0.4 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 55.3 55.2 0.7 -0.1 -3.6 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 109.4 109.6 ... 0.2 2.3 0.2 2.1
Labour force 65.5 66.3 0.6 0.8 -0.8 1.2 -1.2
Employment 63.3 64.3 0.6 1.0 -0.2 1.6 -0.3
Unemployment 2.2 2.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -9.1 -23.1
Participation rate 59.9 60.5 0.6 0.6 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.4 3.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 57.9 58.7 0.6 0.8 -1.4 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 758.8 761.9 ... 3.1 32.0 0.4 4.4
Labour force 507.2 511.5 1.7 4.3 16.3 0.8 3.3
Employment 481.9 485.6 1.8 3.7 15.0 0.8 3.2
Unemployment 25.3 25.8 1.0 0.5 1.2 2.0 4.9
Participation rate 66.8 67.1 0.2 0.3 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.5 63.7 0.2 0.2 -0.8 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 236.4 237.3 ... 0.9 10.3 0.4 4.5
Labour force 162.8 162.6 1.1 -0.2 9.2 -0.1 6.0
Employment 151.4 151.1 1.1 -0.3 4.6 -0.2 3.1
Unemployment 11.4 11.4 0.5 0.0 4.5 0.0 65.2
Participation rate 68.9 68.5 0.5 -0.4 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 7.0 0.3 0.0 2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 63.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.8 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 302.0 303.1 ... 1.1 13.1 0.4 4.5
Labour force 212.0 213.3 1.2 1.3 6.9 0.6 3.3
Employment 200.7 202.1 1.2 1.4 5.4 0.7 2.7
Unemployment 11.2 11.2 0.5 0.0 1.4 0.0 14.3
Participation rate 70.2 70.4 0.4 0.2 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.3 0.3 0.0 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 66.5 66.7 0.4 0.2 -1.1 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 116.3 116.8 ... 0.5 5.5 0.4 4.9
Labour force 83.4 84.3 1.3 0.9 15.3 1.1 22.2
Employment 78.6 80.0 1.3 1.4 14.6 1.8 22.3
Unemployment 4.8 4.3 0.4 -0.5 0.7 -10.4 19.4
Participation rate 71.7 72.2 1.2 0.5 10.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.1 0.6 -0.7 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 67.6 68.5 1.2 0.9 9.7 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,409.7 1,416.2 ... 6.5 71.5 0.5 5.3
Labour force 1,026.1 1,027.6 6.0 1.5 56.9 0.1 5.9
Employment 942.6 940.3 6.2 -2.3 29.6 -0.2 3.3
Unemployment 83.5 87.3 2.7 3.8 27.3 4.6 45.5
Participation rate 72.8 72.6 0.4 -0.2 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 8.5 0.3 0.4 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 66.9 66.4 0.5 -0.5 -1.3 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,344.3 1,350.7 ... 6.4 71.5 0.5 5.6
Labour force 916.0 918.4 5.1 2.4 14.0 0.3 1.5
Employment 855.2 853.3 5.2 -1.9 2.2 -0.2 0.3
Unemployment 60.8 65.2 2.5 4.4 11.9 7.2 22.3
Participation rate 68.1 68.0 0.4 -0.1 -2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 7.1 0.3 0.5 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.2 0.4 -0.4 -3.3 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 198.0 198.5 ... 0.5 6.1 0.3 3.2
Labour force 118.3 118.6 2.1 0.3 -5.7 0.3 -4.6
Employment 113.2 114.0 2.0 0.8 -6.5 0.7 -5.4
Unemployment 5.1 4.6 0.7 -0.5 0.8 -9.8 21.1
Participation rate 59.7 59.7 1.1 0.0 -4.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 3.9 0.5 -0.4 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 57.2 57.4 1.0 0.2 -5.2 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 182.3 182.8 ... 0.5 5.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 120.5 121.7 1.2 1.2 8.9 1.0 7.9
Employment 113.9 114.4 1.2 0.5 7.5 0.4 7.0
Unemployment 6.6 7.3 0.5 0.7 1.4 10.6 23.7
Participation rate 66.1 66.6 0.7 0.5 2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 6.0 0.4 0.5 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 62.6 0.7 0.1 2.2 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,523.1 2,532.3 ... 9.2 96.9 0.4 4.0
Labour force 1,714.9 1,705.1 6.0 -9.8 44.3 -0.6 2.7
Employment 1,617.6 1,609.4 6.1 -8.2 38.1 -0.5 2.4
Unemployment 97.3 95.7 3.1 -1.6 6.3 -1.6 7.0
Participation rate 68.0 67.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.6 0.2 -0.1 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 63.6 0.2 -0.5 -0.9 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 372.5 373.5 ... 1.0 11.5 0.3 3.2
Labour force 250.8 253.1 2.2 2.3 29.9 0.9 13.4
Employment 239.2 243.4 2.2 4.2 28.0 1.8 13.0
Unemployment 11.7 9.7 0.8 -2.0 1.8 -17.1 22.8
Participation rate 67.3 67.8 0.6 0.5 6.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 3.8 0.3 -0.9 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 64.2 65.2 0.6 1.0 5.7 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: