Table 2 
Confirmed and suspected hate crimes, by type of motivation, Canada, 2020 to 2022 

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Confirmed and suspected hate crimes, by type of motivation, Canada, 2020 to 2022
Confirmed – 2020Suspected – 2020Confirmed – 2020Confirmed – 2021Suspected – 2021Confirmed – 2021Confirmed – 2022Suspected – 2022Confirmed – 2022
  numbernumber % numbernumber % numbernumber %
Type of motivation                  
Total 2,037 609 77 2,450 905 73 2,478 1,098 69
Race or ethnicity 1,228 391 76 1,232 513 71 1,325 625 68
Religion 418 112 79 714 172 81 558 192 74
Sexual orientation 204 54 79 297 141 68 340 151 69
Language 28 9 76 23 10 70 36 23 61
Mental or physical disability 4 4 50 13 3 81 7 8 47
Sex or gender 39 10 80 41 19 68 47 42 53
Age 4 1 80 9 5 64 5 2 71
Other similar factor1 86 15 85 65 17 79 76 22 78
Motivation unknown 26 13 67 56 25 69 84 33 72
Note(s):
The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey defines a confirmed hate crime as a criminal violation motivated by hate based on race, national or ethnic origin, language, colour, religion, sex, age, mental or physical disability, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, or any other similar factor. Hate crime counts from the UCR Survey include both confirmed and suspected hate-motivated crime incidents. A suspected hate crime is a criminal violation with reasonable suspicion that it is motivated by hate, bias or prejudice, but cannot be proven to be solely motivated by hate. The determination of a violation as a hate crime, and subsequently as a confirmed or suspected hate crime, is made at the discretion of the responding police service. Information in this table reflects data reported by police services covering 99.7% of the population of Canada.
Source(s):
Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (3302).

Table note 1

Includes, for example, occupation or political beliefs.
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