Table 7
Characteristics of persons accused of hate crimes, by detailed motivation, Canada, 2018 to 2021
| Accused | Male – Gender1 | Female – Gender1 | – Age2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| number | % | % | median | |
| Total3 | 3,419 | 86 | 14 | 33.0 |
| Race or ethnicity | 1,918 | 84 | 16 | 35.0 |
| Black | 765 | 84 | 16 | 32.0 |
| East or Southeast Asian | 237 | 86 | 14 | 37.0 |
| South Asian | 206 | 84 | 16 | 36.0 |
| Arab or West Asian | 275 | 79 | 21 | 38.0 |
| Indigenous | 110 | 92 | 8 | 39.0 |
| White | 83 | 77 | 23 | 29.0 |
| Other or not specified4 | 242 | 90 | 10 | 36.0 |
| Religion | 605 | 88 | 12 | 36.0 |
| Jewish | 259 | 94 | 6 | 31.0 |
| Muslim | 207 | 82 | 18 | 42.0 |
| Catholic | 52 | 87 | 13 | 38.0 |
| Other or not specified5 | 87 | 84 | 16 | 36.0 |
| Sexual orientation | 489 | 89 | 11 | 24.0 |
Note(s):
Hate crime counts from the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey include both confirmed and suspected hate crime incidents. The table information reflects data from municipal and provincial police services, as well as the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, covering up to 99.7% of the Canadian population. This table includes any counts that occurred within the jurisdiction of police services not reporting to UCR2.2, but that were investigated by other police services that do report, such as the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the Ontario Provincial Police or the Sûreté du Québec. Percentages may not add up because of rounding. It should be noted that children aged younger than 12 years cannot be charged with a criminal offence. From 2018 to 2021, there was information on 3,419 accused individuals associated with 2,977 incidents. In 9% of these incidents, more than one accused was identified. Incidents where the motivation was unknown are included in the counts given in this note.
Source(s):
Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (3302).
Table note 1
The option for police to code accused as "gender diverse" in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey was implemented in 2018. In the context of the UCR Survey, the term "gender diverse" refers to a person who publicly expresses themselves as neither exclusively male nor exclusively female. Given that small counts of accused identified as being gender diverse may exist, the UCR data available to the public have been recoded with these accused distributed in the "men" or "women" categories based on the regional distribution of accused's gender. This recoding ensures the protection of the confidentiality and privacy of accused.
Table note 2
Excludes accused whose age is unknown or who are older than 110 years.
Table note 3
Includes motivations based on mental or physical disability, language, sex or gender, age, and other similar factors (e.g., occupation or political beliefs), as well as incidents where the motivation is unknown.
Table note 4
Includes motivations based on race or ethnicity not otherwise stated (e.g., Latin American, South American), as well as hate crimes that target more than one race or ethnic group and those where no race or ethnicity was specified.
Table note 5
Includes motivations based on religions not otherwise stated (e.g., Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist), as well as those where no religion was specified.
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