Table 9 
Labour force characteristics by province and economic region,1 three-month moving average ending in November 2020 and November 2021, unadjusted for seasonality 

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Labour force characteristics by province and economic region, three-month moving average ending in November 2020 and November 2021, unadjusted for seasonality
  Population Labour force Employment Unemployment Participation rate Unemployment rate Employment rate
  thousandsthousandsthousandsthousands %%%
Canada              
2020 31,138.3 20,186.1 18,523.9 1,662.1 64.8 8.2 59.5
2021 31,429.3 20,478.9 19,252.8 1,226.1 65.2 6.0 61.3
Newfoundland and Labrador              
2020 445.4 254.7 224.4 30.3 57.2 11.9 50.4
2021 445.5 254.3 226.1 28.2 57.1 11.1 50.8
Avalon Peninsula              
2020 236.6 142.7 128.8 14.0 60.3 9.8 54.4
2021 237.4 146.8 134.7 12.1 61.8 8.2 56.7
South Coast–Burin Peninsula and Notre Dame–Central Bonavista Bay               
2020 121.4 62.1 51.7 10.4 51.2 16.7 42.6
2021 120.9 58.4 49.8 8.7 48.3 14.9 41.2
West Coast–Northern Peninsula–Labrador              
2020 87.4 49.9 44.0 5.9 57.1 11.8 50.3
2021 87.2 49.0 41.7 7.4 56.2 15.1 47.8
Prince Edward Island              
2020 132.9 85.1 77.7 7.5 64.0 8.8 58.5
2021 135.6 88.3 81.3 7.0 65.1 7.9 60.0
Nova Scotia              
2020 816.4 492.0 456.1 35.9 60.3 7.3 55.9
2021 825.3 509.0 470.2 38.8 61.7 7.6 57.0
Cape Breton              
2020 109.6 58.0 51.3 6.7 52.9 11.6 46.8
2021 109.0 60.3 52.8 7.5 55.3 12.4 48.4
North Shore              
2020 127.4 70.1 65.9 4.2 55.0 6.0 51.7
2021 127.7 74.3 68.0 6.3 58.2 8.5 53.2
Annapolis Valley              
2020 105.9 59.1 56.0 3.1 55.8 5.2 52.9
2021 106.8 62.6 58.2 4.4 58.6 7.0 54.5
Southern              
2020 98.2 51.5 46.5 5.0 52.4 9.7 47.4
2021 98.5 54.2 48.7 5.5 55.0 10.1 49.4
Halifax              
2020 375.4 253.3 236.5 16.8 67.5 6.6 63.0
2021 383.4 257.5 242.4 15.1 67.2 5.9 63.2
New Brunswick              
2020 647.8 395.4 360.4 35.0 61.0 8.9 55.6
2021 653.1 396.7 366.1 30.6 60.7 7.7 56.1
Campbellton–Miramichi              
2020 131.3 74.4 65.1 9.3 56.7 12.5 49.6
2021 130.9 67.1 59.0 8.1 51.3 12.1 45.1
Moncton–Richibucto              
2020 188.3 120.5 109.9 10.6 64.0 8.8 58.4
2021 190.9 125.1 115.8 9.3 65.5 7.4 60.7
Saint John–St. Stephen              
2020 146.2 89.4 81.4 8.1 61.1 9.1 55.7
2021 147.3 89.3 82.1 7.2 60.6 8.1 55.7
Fredericton–Oromocto              
2020 117.4 73.1 68.0 5.1 62.3 7.0 57.9
2021 119.4 76.6 72.3 4.3 64.2 5.6 60.6
Edmundston–Woodstock              
2020 64.6 37.9 36.0 1.9 58.7 5.0 55.7
2021 64.6 38.6 37.0 1.6 59.8 4.1 57.3
Quebec              
2020 7,069.1 4,541.3 4,233.3 308.0 64.2 6.8 59.9
2021 7,111.8 4,562.6 4,351.5 211.1 64.2 4.6 61.2
Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine              
2020 76.4 35.2 31.9 3.3 46.1 9.4 41.8
2021 76.3 41.1 35.8 5.4 53.9 13.1 46.9
Bas-Saint-Laurent              
2020 166.0 94.6 91.4 3.2 57.0 3.4 55.1
2021 165.7 92.7 89.5 3.1 55.9 3.3 54.0
Capitale-Nationale              
2020 624.0 392.9 375.1 17.8 63.0 4.5 60.1
2021 626.3 402.9 392.3 10.6 64.3 2.6 62.6
Chaudière-Appalaches              
2020 355.6 239.9 231.0 8.8 67.5 3.7 65.0
2021 357.4 223.4 218.1 5.3 62.5 2.4 61.0
Estrie              
2020 277.1 172.0 162.4 9.6 62.1 5.6 58.6
2021 279.5 170.3 165.1 5.2 60.9 3.1 59.1
Centre-du-Québec              
2020 206.8 127.1 121.7 5.4 61.5 4.2 58.8
2021 208.2 142.0 137.1 4.9 68.2 3.5 65.9
Montérégie              
2020 1,306.7 852.0 794.9 57.1 65.2 6.7 60.8
2021 1,320.3 863.0 824.3 38.7 65.4 4.5 62.4
Montréal              
2020 1,758.2 1,158.1 1,051.2 106.9 65.9 9.2 59.8
2021 1,763.5 1,179.8 1,106.9 72.9 66.9 6.2 62.8
Laval              
2020 364.1 240.2 226.2 14.1 66.0 5.9 62.1
2021 367.1 246.7 232.2 14.4 67.2 5.8 63.3
Lanaudière              
2020 424.4 282.8 264.5 18.3 66.6 6.5 62.3
2021 428.3 273.2 260.3 12.9 63.8 4.7 60.8
Laurentides              
2020 521.7 341.0 311.2 29.9 65.4 8.8 59.7
2021 528.9 335.4 319.5 15.9 63.4 4.7 60.4
Outaouais              
2020 327.1 205.4 191.6 13.8 62.8 6.7 58.6
2021 330.4 213.2 205.6 7.5 64.5 3.5 62.2
Abitibi-Témiscamingue              
2020 118.6 74.1 70.8 3.3 62.5 4.5 59.7
2021 118.4 74.4 72.2 2.2 62.8 3.0 61.0
Mauricie              
2020 227.3 134.3 126.5 7.8 59.1 5.8 55.7
2021 227.5 126.9 122.8 4.1 55.8 3.2 54.0
Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean              
2020 229.3 136.6 130.8 5.8 59.6 4.2 57.0
2021 228.9 127.7 121.8 5.8 55.8 4.5 53.2
Côte-Nord and Nord-du-Québec              
2020 85.9 55.1 52.2 3.0 64.1 5.4 60.8
2021 85.3 50.1 48.0 2.1 58.7 4.2 56.3
Ontario              
2020 12,256.5 7,909.3 7,216.9 692.5 64.5 8.8 58.9
2021 12,383.6 8,067.8 7,552.6 515.2 65.1 6.4 61.0
Ottawa              
2020 1,189.9 760.6 709.9 50.7 63.9 6.7 59.7
2021 1,206.0 756.1 721.1 35.0 62.7 4.6 59.8
Kingston–Pembroke              
2020 394.7 220.0 206.1 13.9 55.7 6.3 52.2
2021 398.1 237.1 224.1 13.0 59.6 5.5 56.3
Muskoka–Kawarthas              
2020 347.1 200.4 185.2 15.2 57.7 7.6 53.4
2021 350.3 172.0 160.6 11.4 49.1 6.6 45.8
Toronto              
2020 5,783.4 3,913.7 3,509.5 404.2 67.7 10.3 60.7
2021 5,846.5 3,980.1 3,691.8 288.3 68.1 7.2 63.1
Kitchener–Waterloo–Barrie              
2020 1,204.2 802.7 740.0 62.7 66.7 7.8 61.5
2021 1,223.2 831.1 787.0 44.0 67.9 5.3 64.3
Hamilton–Niagara Peninsula              
2020 1,272.8 785.4 729.2 56.2 61.7 7.2 57.3
2021 1,283.2 813.8 764.2 49.6 63.4 6.1 59.6
London              
2020 605.7 372.4 344.3 28.1 61.5 7.5 56.8
2021 613.7 406.0 380.2 25.8 66.2 6.4 62.0
Windsor–Sarnia              
2020 558.6 313.6 286.8 26.8 56.1 8.5 51.3
2021 561.0 337.6 313.5 24.0 60.2 7.1 55.9
Stratford–Bruce Peninsula              
2020 263.3 168.5 158.8 9.7 64.0 5.8 60.3
2021 266.3 167.0 162.2 4.7 62.7 2.8 60.9
Northeast              
2020 462.5 267.6 249.2 18.4 57.9 6.9 53.9
2021 461.8 262.3 248.7 13.7 56.8 5.2 53.9
Northwest              
2020 174.2 104.5 97.9 6.6 60.0 6.3 56.2
2021 173.5 104.8 99.3 5.4 60.4 5.2 57.2
Manitoba              
2020 1,048.9 693.0 646.3 46.8 66.1 6.8 61.6
2021 1,052.8 694.0 660.2 33.7 65.9 4.9 62.7
Southeast              
2020 98.4 64.1 61.1 3.1 65.1 4.8 62.1
2021 99.7 66.3 63.8 2.5 66.5 3.8 64.0
South Central and North Central              
2020 90.7 59.6 58.1 1.5 65.7 2.5 64.1
2021 91.4 59.5 57.2 2.3 65.1 3.9 62.6
Southwest              
2020 90.6 58.5 55.6 2.8 64.6 4.8 61.4
2021 90.5 55.4 52.8 2.6 61.2 4.7 58.3
Winnipeg              
2020 638.1 430.7 394.8 35.9 67.5 8.3 61.9
2021 640.9 434.0 410.8 23.3 67.7 5.4 64.1
Interlake              
2020 76.2 44.6 42.5 2.2 58.5 4.9 55.8
2021 76.6 45.6 43.8 1.8 59.5 3.9 57.2
Parklands and North              
2020 54.9 35.5 34.2 1.3 64.7 3.7 62.3
2021 53.6 33.3 31.9 1.3 62.1 3.9 59.5
Saskatchewan              
2020 888.0 594.0 557.7 36.3 66.9 6.1 62.8
2021 890.0 596.2 566.2 30.0 67.0 5.0 63.6
Regina–Moose Mountain              
2020 274.8 186.0 176.3 9.7 67.7 5.2 64.2
2021 276.4 188.8 179.4 9.3 68.3 4.9 64.9
Swift Current–Moose Jaw              
2020 83.2 56.6 52.9 3.7 68.0 6.5 63.6
2021 82.7 54.0 50.6 3.4 65.3 6.3 61.2
Saskatoon–Biggar              
2020 310.5 212.2 197.1 15.1 68.3 7.1 63.5
2021 313.9 212.0 200.6 11.3 67.5 5.3 63.9
Yorkton–Melville              
2020 62.4 36.8 34.7 2.1 59.0 5.7 55.6
2021 61.5 37.0 35.9 1.1 60.2 3.0 58.4
Prince Albert and Northern              
2020 157.1 102.4 96.6 5.8 65.2 5.7 61.5
2021 155.5 104.5 99.6 4.9 67.2 4.7 64.1
Alberta              
2020 3,518.7 2,438.9 2,182.6 256.3 69.3 10.5 62.0
2021 3,556.1 2,456.9 2,280.4 176.4 69.1 7.2 64.1
Lethbridge–Medicine Hat              
2020 239.1 153.9 139.0 14.9 64.4 9.7 58.1
2021 239.8 150.4 142.1 8.3 62.7 5.5 59.3
Camrose–Drumheller              
2020 162.4 92.2 81.6 10.6 56.8 11.5 50.2
2021 161.8 99.0 90.2 8.8 61.2 8.9 55.7
Calgary              
2020 1,342.6 977.3 874.3 102.9 72.8 10.5 65.1
2021 1,360.9 959.5 885.5 74.0 70.5 7.7 65.1
Banff–Jasper–Rocky Mountain House and Athabasca–Grande Prairie–Peace River               
2020 274.3 192.4 172.5 19.9 70.1 10.3 62.9
2021 274.8 188.6 176.0 12.6 68.6 6.7 64.0
Red Deer              
2020 175.3 112.7 101.0 11.7 64.3 10.4 57.6
2021 176.8 114.5 106.9 7.6 64.8 6.6 60.5
Edmonton              
2020 1,220.4 831.5 742.3 89.2 68.1 10.7 60.8
2021 1,237.7 869.0 808.5 60.5 70.2 7.0 65.3
Wood Buffalo–Cold Lake              
2020 104.6 78.9 71.8 7.1 75.4 9.0 68.6
2021 104.4 75.9 71.2 4.6 72.7 6.1 68.2
British Columbia              
2020 4,314.5 2,782.3 2,568.6 213.7 64.5 7.7 59.5
2021 4,375.5 2,853.2 2,698.1 155.1 65.2 5.4 61.7
Vancouver Island and Coast              
2020 738.3 439.1 406.8 32.3 59.5 7.4 55.1
2021 752.8 449.6 429.9 19.8 59.7 4.4 57.1
Lower Mainland–Southwest              
2020 2,673.7 1,759.4 1,620.9 138.6 65.8 7.9 60.6
2021 2,706.4 1,824.6 1,717.3 107.3 67.4 5.9 63.5
Thompson–Okanagan              
2020 501.4 317.9 294.3 23.6 63.4 7.4 58.7
2021 510.4 322.8 309.0 13.9 63.2 4.3 60.5
Kootenay              
2020 137.7 85.2 79.8 5.4 61.9 6.3 58.0
2021 139.6 80.8 76.5 4.3 57.9 5.3 54.8
Cariboo              
2020 139.7 94.7 85.5 9.3 67.8 9.8 61.2
2021 141.7 91.4 86.3 5.0 64.5 5.5 60.9
North Coast and Nechako              
2020 68.9 44.0 41.5 2.5 63.9 5.7 60.2
2021 69.4 45.1 42.0 3.2 65.0 7.1 60.5
Northeast              
2020 54.8 41.9 39.9 2.0 76.5 4.8 72.8
2021 55.3 38.8 37.3 1.6 70.2 4.1 67.5
Source(s):
Table 14-10-0387-02.

Table note 1

For geographic descriptions of economic regions, refer to the Guide to the Labour Force Survey (Catalogue number71-543-G).
Date modified: