Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  August
2021
September
2021
Standard error1 August to September 2021 September 2020 to September 2021 August to September 2021 September 2020 to September 2021
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 181.9 182.1 ... 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.6
Labour force 113.0 115.8 1.1 2.8 -2.1 2.5 -1.8
Employment 105.1 108.4 1.1 3.3 2.0 3.1 1.9
Unemployment 7.8 7.3 0.7 -0.5 -4.2 -6.4 -36.5
Participation rate 62.1 63.6 0.6 1.5 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.9 6.3 0.6 -0.6 -3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 57.8 59.5 0.6 1.7 0.7 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 380.3 381.3 ... 1.0 7.3 0.3 2.0
Labour force 255.3 256.7 1.6 1.4 4.8 0.5 1.9
Employment 236.1 238.7 1.6 2.6 8.2 1.1 3.6
Unemployment 19.2 18.0 1.0 -1.2 -3.4 -6.3 -15.9
Participation rate 67.1 67.3 0.4 0.2 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.0 0.4 -0.5 -1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 62.6 0.4 0.5 1.0 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 134.0 134.3 ... 0.3 2.0 0.2 1.5
Labour force 94.6 95.8 0.9 1.2 8.6 1.3 9.9
Employment 88.9 89.6 1.0 0.7 8.7 0.8 10.8
Unemployment 5.7 6.1 0.6 0.4 -0.2 7.0 -3.2
Participation rate 70.6 71.3 0.7 0.7 5.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.4 0.7 0.4 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 66.3 66.7 0.8 0.4 5.6 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 110.5 110.6 ... 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.6
Labour force 67.9 67.7 0.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.3 1.0
Employment 62.0 61.9 0.9 -0.1 2.0 -0.2 3.3
Unemployment 5.9 5.9 0.5 0.0 -1.3 0.0 -18.1
Participation rate 61.4 61.2 0.8 -0.2 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.7 8.7 0.8 0.0 -2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 56.1 56.0 0.8 -0.1 1.5 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.4 135.5 ... 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1
Labour force 76.2 75.9 1.0 -0.3 -4.8 -0.4 -5.9
Employment 72.0 71.9 1.0 -0.1 -4.6 -0.1 -6.0
Unemployment 4.2 4.0 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -4.8 -4.8
Participation rate 56.3 56.0 0.8 -0.3 -3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.3 0.5 -0.2 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 53.2 53.1 0.8 -0.1 -3.3 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 688.1 688.6 ... 0.5 3.6 0.1 0.5
Labour force 455.8 461.2 3.6 5.4 5.0 1.2 1.1
Employment 435.8 442.0 3.8 6.2 9.2 1.4 2.1
Unemployment 20.0 19.1 1.8 -0.9 -4.3 -4.5 -18.4
Participation rate 66.2 67.0 0.5 0.8 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.1 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.3 64.2 0.5 0.9 1.0 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 188.3 188.6 ... 0.3 2.2 0.2 1.2
Labour force 119.1 120.4 1.3 1.3 3.0 1.1 2.6
Employment 112.9 115.0 1.3 2.1 6.6 1.9 6.1
Unemployment 6.2 5.4 0.6 -0.8 -3.5 -12.9 -39.3
Participation rate 63.3 63.8 0.7 0.5 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 4.5 0.5 -0.7 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 61.0 0.7 1.0 2.8 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 137.0 137.1 ... 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3
Labour force 84.0 82.4 1.0 -1.6 -2.0 -1.9 -2.4
Employment 79.8 78.3 1.0 -1.5 -0.6 -1.9 -0.8
Unemployment 4.2 4.2 0.4 0.0 -1.3 0.0 -23.6
Participation rate 61.3 60.1 0.7 -1.2 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.1 0.5 0.1 -1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 58.2 57.1 0.7 -1.1 -0.6 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,641.8 3,644.2 ... 2.4 30.1 0.1 0.8
Labour force 2,452.5 2,433.5 9.9 -19.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.0
Employment 2,281.1 2,271.3 10.5 -9.8 98.5 -0.4 4.5
Unemployment 171.3 162.2 7.0 -9.1 -99.2 -5.3 -37.9
Participation rate 67.3 66.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 6.7 0.3 -0.3 -4.0 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 62.3 0.3 -0.3 2.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,212.6 1,214.6 ... 2.0 19.3 0.2 1.6
Labour force 830.5 813.7 5.3 -16.8 17.9 -2.0 2.2
Employment 779.0 768.6 5.7 -10.4 41.1 -1.3 5.6
Unemployment 51.5 45.0 3.0 -6.5 -23.3 -12.6 -34.1
Participation rate 68.5 67.0 0.4 -1.5 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 5.5 0.4 -0.7 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.2 63.3 0.5 -0.9 2.4 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 286.7 287.0 ... 0.3 3.0 0.1 1.1
Labour force 188.9 188.1 1.6 -0.8 6.0 -0.4 3.3
Employment 179.0 179.9 1.6 0.9 13.2 0.5 7.9
Unemployment 9.9 8.2 0.8 -1.7 -7.2 -17.2 -46.8
Participation rate 65.9 65.5 0.6 -0.4 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 4.4 0.4 -0.8 -4.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.4 62.7 0.6 0.3 4.0 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 925.9 927.6 ... 1.7 16.4 0.2 1.8
Labour force 641.7 625.6 5.1 -16.1 11.9 -2.5 1.9
Employment 600.0 588.7 5.4 -11.3 27.9 -1.9 5.0
Unemployment 41.6 36.9 2.9 -4.7 -16.0 -11.3 -30.2
Participation rate 69.3 67.4 0.6 -1.9 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 5.9 0.5 -0.6 -2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 64.8 63.5 0.6 -1.3 2.0 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 144.7 144.9 ... 0.2 2.5 0.1 1.8
Labour force 86.0 87.1 0.9 1.1 -1.3 1.3 -1.5
Employment 79.8 80.8 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.1
Unemployment 6.2 6.3 0.5 0.1 -2.2 1.6 -25.9
Participation rate 59.4 60.1 0.6 0.7 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 7.2 0.5 0.0 -2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.1 55.8 0.6 0.7 -0.3 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 92.5 96.4 ... 3.9 -11.4 4.2 -10.6
Labour force 50.4 54.2 3.3 3.8 -0.2 7.5 -0.4
Employment 47.0 50.5 3.3 3.5 3.7 7.4 7.9
Unemployment 3.4 3.8 1.6 0.4 -3.8 11.8 -50.0
Participation rate 54.5 56.2 2.6 1.7 5.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 7.0 2.8 0.3 -7.0 ... ...
Employment rate 50.8 52.4 2.8 1.6 9.0 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 113.2 113.3 ... 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.8
Labour force 67.5 68.7 1.6 1.2 9.1 1.8 15.3
Employment 63.3 64.2 1.7 0.9 11.5 1.4 21.8
Unemployment 4.2 4.5 1.0 0.3 -2.4 7.1 -34.8
Participation rate 59.6 60.6 1.5 1.0 7.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.6 1.5 0.4 -5.0 ... ...
Employment rate 55.9 56.7 1.5 0.8 9.8 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 345.7 346.2 ... 0.5 4.4 0.1 1.3
Labour force 222.7 229.0 2.2 6.3 -1.0 2.8 -0.4
Employment 204.3 211.7 2.3 7.4 3.4 3.6 1.6
Unemployment 18.5 17.3 1.2 -1.2 -4.5 -6.5 -20.6
Participation rate 64.4 66.1 0.6 1.7 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 7.6 0.5 -0.7 -1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 59.1 61.1 0.7 2.0 0.2 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,569.7 5,576.7 ... 7.0 64.5 0.1 1.2
Labour force 3,751.6 3,794.7 14.0 43.1 105.5 1.1 2.9
Employment 3,403.5 3,457.1 14.0 53.6 243.1 1.6 7.6
Unemployment 348.1 337.5 10.1 -10.6 -137.7 -3.0 -29.0
Participation rate 67.4 68.0 0.3 0.6 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.3 8.9 0.3 -0.4 -4.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 62.0 0.3 0.9 3.7 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 666.9 667.5 ... 0.6 3.4 0.1 0.5
Labour force 439.4 441.3 4.2 1.9 27.0 0.4 6.5
Employment 408.5 413.5 4.3 5.0 38.1 1.2 10.1
Unemployment 30.9 27.8 2.5 -3.1 -11.1 -10.0 -28.5
Participation rate 65.9 66.1 0.6 0.2 3.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 6.3 0.6 -0.7 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.3 61.9 0.6 0.6 5.4 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 373.1 373.4 ... 0.3 1.6 0.1 0.4
Labour force 223.4 228.0 2.5 4.6 15.8 2.1 7.4
Employment 200.1 209.3 2.5 9.2 16.3 4.6 8.4
Unemployment 23.4 18.8 1.5 -4.6 -0.4 -19.7 -2.1
Participation rate 59.9 61.1 0.7 1.2 4.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.5 8.2 0.7 -2.3 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 53.6 56.1 0.7 2.5 4.2 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 500.4 501.1 ... 0.7 6.8 0.1 1.4
Labour force 343.0 344.9 2.7 1.9 5.3 0.6 1.6
Employment 319.0 320.2 2.7 1.2 21.2 0.4 7.1
Unemployment 24.0 24.7 1.8 0.7 -15.9 2.9 -39.2
Participation rate 68.5 68.8 0.5 0.3 0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 7.2 0.5 0.2 -4.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 63.9 0.5 0.2 3.4 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 119.2 119.3 ... 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.8
Labour force 78.6 78.6 0.9 0.0 -1.9 0.0 -2.4
Employment 74.0 73.8 1.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.1
Unemployment 4.5 4.8 0.5 0.3 -2.0 6.7 -29.4
Participation rate 65.9 65.9 0.8 0.0 -2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 6.1 0.6 0.4 -2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 61.9 0.8 -0.2 -0.3 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 140.7 140.9 ... 0.2 1.8 0.1 1.3
Labour force 100.7 100.8 1.4 0.1 4.2 0.1 4.3
Employment 93.4 94.8 1.5 1.4 7.7 1.5 8.8
Unemployment 7.3 6.0 0.7 -1.3 -3.5 -17.8 -36.8
Participation rate 71.6 71.5 1.0 -0.1 2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 6.0 0.8 -1.2 -3.8 ... ...
Employment rate 66.4 67.3 1.1 0.9 4.7 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 468.3 468.9 ... 0.6 6.0 0.1 1.3
Labour force 305.8 305.5 3.3 -0.3 19.8 -0.1 6.9
Employment 281.9 283.1 3.4 1.2 23.6 0.4 9.1
Unemployment 23.8 22.4 1.6 -1.4 -3.8 -5.9 -14.5
Participation rate 65.3 65.2 0.7 -0.1 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.3 0.5 -0.5 -1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 60.2 60.4 0.7 0.2 4.3 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 305.3 305.6 ... 0.3 2.3 0.1 0.8
Labour force 185.6 184.7 2.8 -0.9 11.2 -0.5 6.5
Employment 165.9 165.4 2.8 -0.5 9.1 -0.3 5.8
Unemployment 19.7 19.3 1.3 -0.4 2.1 -2.0 12.2
Participation rate 60.8 60.4 0.9 -0.4 3.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.6 10.4 0.7 -0.2 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 54.3 54.1 0.9 -0.2 2.6 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 181.5 181.7 ... 0.2 1.8 0.1 1.0
Labour force 126.3 126.7 1.9 0.4 -5.4 0.3 -4.1
Employment 117.3 118.9 2.1 1.6 -0.8 1.4 -0.7
Unemployment 9.0 7.8 1.4 -1.2 -4.6 -13.3 -37.1
Participation rate 69.6 69.7 1.0 0.1 -3.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.2 1.0 -0.9 -3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.6 65.4 1.2 0.8 -1.1 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.5 145.6 ... 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Labour force 89.3 89.7 1.1 0.4 1.3 0.4 1.5
Employment 81.5 82.1 1.1 0.6 1.3 0.7 1.6
Unemployment 7.8 7.5 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -3.8 -1.3
Participation rate 61.4 61.6 0.7 0.2 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.7 8.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 56.0 56.4 0.7 0.4 0.9 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.4 106.4 ... 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.4
Labour force 64.6 65.2 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.9 1.9
Employment 60.7 61.1 0.7 0.4 2.2 0.7 3.7
Unemployment 3.9 4.1 0.3 0.2 -1.1 5.1 -21.2
Participation rate 60.7 61.3 0.7 0.6 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 6.3 0.5 0.3 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 57.0 57.4 0.7 0.4 2.3 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 703.8 704.4 ... 0.6 4.9 0.1 0.7
Labour force 477.7 479.3 1.6 1.6 2.7 0.3 0.6
Employment 443.8 448.7 1.7 4.9 17.3 1.1 4.0
Unemployment 33.9 30.5 1.1 -3.4 -14.8 -10.0 -32.7
Participation rate 67.9 68.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.4 0.2 -0.7 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 63.1 63.7 0.2 0.6 2.0 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 215.9 216.1 ... 0.2 2.3 0.1 1.1
Labour force 149.7 148.5 1.2 -1.2 4.4 -0.8 3.1
Employment 140.4 139.6 1.2 -0.8 6.5 -0.6 4.9
Unemployment 9.3 9.0 0.7 -0.3 -2.0 -3.2 -18.2
Participation rate 69.3 68.7 0.5 -0.6 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.1 0.5 -0.1 -1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 65.0 64.6 0.6 -0.4 2.3 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 273.8 274.2 ... 0.4 4.5 0.1 1.7
Labour force 185.8 187.5 1.3 1.7 3.8 0.9 2.1
Employment 170.8 172.8 1.3 2.0 6.1 1.2 3.7
Unemployment 15.0 14.7 0.7 -0.3 -2.3 -2.0 -13.5
Participation rate 67.9 68.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 7.8 0.4 -0.3 -1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.4 63.0 0.5 0.6 1.2 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 105.2 105.4 ... 0.2 1.2 0.2 1.2
Labour force 68.6 68.7 1.0 0.1 2.5 0.1 3.8
Employment 65.7 65.4 1.0 -0.3 4.7 -0.5 7.7
Unemployment 3.0 3.3 0.6 0.3 -2.2 10.0 -40.0
Participation rate 65.2 65.2 1.0 0.0 1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.8 0.8 0.4 -3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 62.0 1.0 -0.5 3.7 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,266.4 1,268.3 ... 1.9 17.0 0.2 1.4
Labour force 890.8 894.8 5.1 4.0 -13.4 0.4 -1.5
Employment 805.1 815.5 5.4 10.4 22.4 1.3 2.8
Unemployment 85.7 79.3 3.6 -6.4 -35.8 -7.5 -31.1
Participation rate 70.3 70.6 0.4 0.3 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.6 8.9 0.4 -0.7 -3.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 64.3 0.4 0.7 0.9 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,202.1 1,204.0 ... 1.9 17.1 0.2 1.4
Labour force 838.9 844.3 5.1 5.4 34.3 0.6 4.2
Employment 770.5 775.3 5.3 4.8 68.8 0.6 9.7
Unemployment 68.4 69.0 3.5 0.6 -34.6 0.9 -33.4
Participation rate 69.8 70.1 0.4 0.3 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.2 8.2 0.4 0.0 -4.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 64.4 0.4 0.3 4.9 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 184.1 184.6 ... 0.5 3.5 0.3 1.9
Labour force 115.6 115.6 1.8 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.7
Employment 109.0 109.4 1.7 0.4 3.8 0.4 3.6
Unemployment 6.6 6.2 0.9 -0.4 -3.0 -6.1 -32.6
Participation rate 62.8 62.6 1.0 -0.2 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.4 0.7 -0.3 -2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 59.2 59.3 1.0 0.1 1.0 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 171.2 171.5 ... 0.3 2.1 0.2 1.2
Labour force 115.7 114.5 1.1 -1.2 7.2 -1.0 6.7
Employment 108.9 106.6 1.1 -2.3 8.3 -2.1 8.4
Unemployment 6.8 7.9 0.6 1.1 -1.1 16.2 -12.2
Participation rate 67.6 66.8 0.7 -0.8 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 6.9 0.5 1.0 -1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 62.2 0.7 -1.4 4.2 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,351.7 2,356.0 ... 4.3 21.2 0.2 0.9
Labour force 1,630.0 1,627.8 7.7 -2.2 105.3 -0.1 6.9
Employment 1,513.1 1,518.0 7.8 4.9 168.3 0.3 12.5
Unemployment 116.8 109.8 5.4 -7.0 -63.0 -6.0 -36.5
Participation rate 69.3 69.1 0.3 -0.2 3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 6.7 0.3 -0.5 -4.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.4 0.3 0.1 6.6 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 347.0 347.9 ... 0.9 5.8 0.3 1.7
Labour force 217.0 212.5 2.4 -4.5 -10.2 -2.1 -4.6
Employment 207.9 203.5 2.4 -4.4 1.8 -2.1 0.9
Unemployment 9.1 9.0 1.2 -0.1 -12.0 -1.1 -57.1
Participation rate 62.5 61.1 0.7 -1.4 -4.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.2 4.2 0.5 0.0 -5.2 ... ...
Employment rate 59.9 58.5 0.7 -1.4 -0.5 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: