Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  March
2021
April
2021
Standard error1 March to April 2021 April 2020 to April 2021 March to April 2021 April 2020 to April 2021
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 181.6 181.7 ... 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.6
Labour force 113.5 111.8 1.0 -1.7 -2.9 -1.5 -2.5
Employment 102.7 101.4 1.1 -1.3 -1.8 -1.3 -1.7
Unemployment 10.8 10.4 0.7 -0.4 -1.1 -3.7 -9.6
Participation rate 62.5 61.5 0.6 -1.0 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.5 9.3 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 56.6 55.8 0.6 -0.8 -1.3 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 377.3 377.7 ... 0.4 6.8 0.1 1.8
Labour force 264.1 262.9 1.6 -1.2 20.9 -0.5 8.6
Employment 242.5 241.7 1.6 -0.8 21.7 -0.3 9.9
Unemployment 21.6 21.2 1.0 -0.4 -0.8 -1.9 -3.6
Participation rate 70.0 69.6 0.4 -0.4 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.2 8.1 0.4 -0.1 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.0 0.4 -0.3 4.7 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 133.1 133.3 ... 0.2 1.8 0.2 1.4
Labour force 89.0 90.6 1.0 1.6 5.8 1.8 6.8
Employment 80.5 82.6 1.0 2.1 3.9 2.6 5.0
Unemployment 8.5 8.0 0.6 -0.5 1.9 -5.9 31.1
Participation rate 66.9 68.0 0.7 1.1 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.6 8.8 0.6 -0.8 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 60.5 62.0 0.8 1.5 2.2 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 110.1 110.2 ... 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.5
Labour force 70.5 70.1 0.9 -0.4 2.9 -0.6 4.3
Employment 62.8 63.3 0.9 0.5 2.6 0.8 4.3
Unemployment 7.7 6.8 0.5 -0.9 0.3 -11.7 4.6
Participation rate 64.0 63.6 0.8 -0.4 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.9 9.7 0.7 -1.2 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 57.0 57.4 0.8 0.4 2.1 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.6 135.6 ... 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.2
Labour force 81.0 80.8 1.0 -0.2 2.6 -0.2 3.3
Employment 76.2 76.1 1.0 -0.1 7.2 -0.1 10.4
Unemployment 4.8 4.7 0.5 -0.1 -4.6 -2.1 -49.5
Participation rate 59.7 59.6 0.7 -0.1 2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.8 0.5 -0.1 -6.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.2 56.1 0.7 -0.1 5.4 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 686.9 687.2 ... 0.3 3.1 0.0 0.5
Labour force 448.2 447.2 3.6 -1.0 8.6 -0.2 2.0
Employment 426.2 424.8 3.8 -1.4 27.9 -0.3 7.0
Unemployment 22.0 22.4 1.8 0.4 -19.3 1.8 -46.3
Participation rate 65.2 65.1 0.5 -0.1 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.0 0.4 0.1 -4.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 61.8 0.5 -0.2 3.8 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 187.5 187.7 ... 0.2 2.0 0.1 1.1
Labour force 114.8 115.3 1.2 0.5 1.6 0.4 1.4
Employment 108.2 109.5 1.2 1.3 6.8 1.2 6.6
Unemployment 6.6 5.7 0.6 -0.9 -5.3 -13.6 -48.2
Participation rate 61.2 61.4 0.7 0.2 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 4.9 0.5 -0.8 -4.8 ... ...
Employment rate 57.7 58.3 0.7 0.6 3.0 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 136.9 137.0 ... 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2
Labour force 80.3 80.9 0.9 0.6 -1.8 0.7 -2.2
Employment 75.1 76.8 0.9 1.7 2.4 2.3 3.2
Unemployment 5.1 4.0 0.5 -1.1 -4.3 -21.6 -51.8
Participation rate 58.7 59.1 0.7 0.4 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 4.9 0.5 -1.5 -5.1 ... ...
Employment rate 54.9 56.1 0.7 1.2 1.7 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,634.0 3,635.9 ... 1.9 38.2 0.1 1.1
Labour force 2,411.4 2,421.1 9.4 9.7 95.1 0.4 4.1
Employment 2,211.6 2,235.0 9.9 23.4 154.1 1.1 7.4
Unemployment 199.8 186.1 6.7 -13.7 -59.0 -6.9 -24.1
Participation rate 66.4 66.6 0.3 0.2 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 7.7 0.3 -0.6 -2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 60.9 61.5 0.3 0.6 3.7 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,204.3 1,206.0 ... 1.7 16.9 0.1 1.4
Labour force 812.3 822.5 5.1 10.2 43.8 1.3 5.6
Employment 759.7 767.3 5.4 7.6 42.9 1.0 5.9
Unemployment 52.7 55.2 2.8 2.5 0.9 4.7 1.7
Participation rate 67.4 68.2 0.4 0.8 2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.7 0.4 0.2 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.1 63.6 0.4 0.5 2.7 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 285.4 285.7 ... 0.3 2.3 0.1 0.8
Labour force 185.6 185.8 1.6 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.6
Employment 172.1 173.4 1.6 1.3 5.5 0.8 3.3
Unemployment 13.5 12.3 0.8 -1.2 -4.5 -8.9 -26.8
Participation rate 65.0 65.0 0.5 0.0 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 6.6 0.4 -0.7 -2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 60.7 0.6 0.4 1.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 918.8 920.3 ... 1.5 14.6 0.2 1.6
Labour force 626.8 636.7 4.8 9.9 42.6 1.6 7.2
Employment 587.5 593.9 5.1 6.4 37.4 1.1 6.7
Unemployment 39.2 42.9 2.7 3.7 5.4 9.4 14.4
Participation rate 68.2 69.2 0.5 1.0 3.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 64.5 0.6 0.6 3.1 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 143.4 143.7 ... 0.3 2.1 0.2 1.5
Labour force 91.4 90.2 0.8 -1.2 5.5 -1.3 6.5
Employment 84.4 83.1 0.9 -1.3 5.6 -1.5 7.2
Unemployment 7.0 7.1 0.4 0.1 -0.1 1.4 -1.4
Participation rate 63.7 62.8 0.6 -0.9 3.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.9 0.5 0.2 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 57.8 0.6 -1.1 3.1 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 93.8 94.3 ... 0.5 -14.8 0.5 -13.6
Labour force 58.7 57.4 3.4 -1.3 1.2 -2.2 2.1
Employment 52.6 50.6 3.3 -2.0 3.3 -3.8 7.0
Unemployment 6.1 6.9 1.7 0.8 -1.9 13.1 -21.6
Participation rate 62.6 60.9 2.1 -1.7 9.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.4 12.0 2.7 1.6 -3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 56.1 53.7 2.3 -2.4 10.3 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 112.9 113.0 ... 0.1 1.5 0.1 1.3
Labour force 66.0 67.2 1.6 1.2 9.5 1.8 16.5
Employment 59.8 62.6 1.5 2.8 9.2 4.7 17.2
Unemployment 6.2 4.5 0.9 -1.7 0.2 -27.4 4.7
Participation rate 58.5 59.5 1.4 1.0 7.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.4 6.7 1.4 -2.7 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 53.0 55.4 1.4 2.4 7.5 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 343.7 344.1 ... 0.4 3.5 0.1 1.0
Labour force 222.7 219.7 2.2 -3.0 -4.1 -1.3 -1.8
Employment 205.2 202.8 2.3 -2.4 -1.3 -1.2 -0.6
Unemployment 17.5 16.9 1.2 -0.6 -2.8 -3.4 -14.2
Participation rate 64.8 63.8 0.6 -1.0 -1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 7.7 0.5 -0.2 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 59.7 58.9 0.7 -0.8 -1.0 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,545.8 5,551.1 ... 5.3 71.7 0.1 1.3
Labour force 3,647.0 3,621.4 13.0 -25.6 143.0 -0.7 4.1
Employment 3,271.6 3,276.5 13.2 4.9 70.6 0.1 2.2
Unemployment 375.4 344.9 9.1 -30.5 72.4 -8.1 26.6
Participation rate 65.8 65.2 0.2 -0.6 1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.3 9.5 0.2 -0.8 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 59.0 59.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 665.4 665.7 ... 0.3 2.1 0.0 0.3
Labour force 436.1 447.8 4.2 11.7 20.7 2.7 4.8
Employment 408.4 415.0 4.3 6.6 20.6 1.6 5.2
Unemployment 27.7 32.8 2.4 5.1 0.0 18.4 0.0
Participation rate 65.5 67.3 0.6 1.8 2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 7.3 0.5 0.9 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 62.3 0.6 0.9 2.9 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 372.6 372.7 ... 0.1 2.1 0.0 0.6
Labour force 212.3 218.3 2.5 6.0 9.5 2.8 4.5
Employment 186.5 192.6 2.4 6.1 4.8 3.3 2.6
Unemployment 25.9 25.6 1.3 -0.3 4.6 -1.2 21.9
Participation rate 57.0 58.6 0.7 1.6 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 12.2 11.7 0.6 -0.5 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 50.1 51.7 0.7 1.6 1.0 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 497.9 498.5 ... 0.6 8.5 0.1 1.7
Labour force 337.8 338.1 2.6 0.3 -0.8 0.1 -0.2
Employment 314.2 317.2 2.8 3.0 5.2 1.0 1.7
Unemployment 23.6 20.9 1.6 -2.7 -6.0 -11.4 -22.3
Participation rate 67.8 67.8 0.5 0.0 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 6.2 0.5 -0.8 -1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 63.1 63.6 0.6 0.5 -0.1 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 118.8 118.8 ... 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.4
Labour force 81.0 81.4 0.9 0.4 5.8 0.5 7.7
Employment 75.2 76.2 1.0 1.0 7.3 1.3 10.6
Unemployment 5.8 5.2 0.5 -0.6 -1.5 -10.3 -22.4
Participation rate 68.2 68.5 0.8 0.3 4.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 6.4 0.7 -0.8 -2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.3 64.1 0.8 0.8 5.9 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 139.9 140.1 ... 0.2 1.4 0.1 1.0
Labour force 96.4 98.8 1.3 2.4 7.0 2.5 7.6
Employment 87.7 89.5 1.5 1.8 6.0 2.1 7.2
Unemployment 8.7 9.3 0.8 0.6 0.9 6.9 10.7
Participation rate 68.9 70.5 1.0 1.6 4.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.0 9.4 0.8 0.4 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 63.9 1.1 1.2 3.7 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 466.0 466.5 ... 0.5 6.7 0.1 1.5
Labour force 295.1 302.8 3.0 7.7 27.1 2.6 9.8
Employment 274.3 277.9 3.1 3.6 26.6 1.3 10.6
Unemployment 20.8 24.9 1.5 4.1 0.5 19.7 2.0
Participation rate 63.3 64.9 0.7 1.6 4.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 8.2 0.5 1.2 -0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 59.6 0.7 0.7 4.9 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 304.6 304.8 ... 0.2 3.9 0.1 1.3
Labour force 180.6 185.5 2.2 4.9 14.4 2.7 8.4
Employment 162.9 165.9 2.2 3.0 16.8 1.8 11.3
Unemployment 17.7 19.6 1.2 1.9 -2.4 10.7 -10.9
Participation rate 59.3 60.9 0.7 1.6 4.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.8 10.6 0.7 0.8 -2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 53.5 54.4 0.7 0.9 4.8 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 180.8 180.9 ... 0.1 1.9 0.1 1.1
Labour force 123.1 121.6 1.7 -1.5 -9.0 -1.2 -6.9
Employment 109.5 111.5 2.0 2.0 -7.4 1.8 -6.2
Unemployment 13.6 10.1 1.3 -3.5 -1.6 -25.7 -13.7
Participation rate 68.1 67.2 1.0 -0.9 -5.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.0 8.3 1.0 -2.7 -0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 60.6 61.6 1.1 1.0 -4.8 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.5 145.5 ... 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2
Labour force 87.9 89.0 0.9 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.9
Employment 80.5 81.2 0.9 0.7 0.0 0.9 0.0
Unemployment 7.4 7.8 0.4 0.4 1.7 5.4 27.9
Participation rate 60.4 61.2 0.6 0.8 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.8 0.5 0.4 1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 55.3 55.8 0.6 0.5 -0.1 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.6 106.6 ... 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.3
Labour force 64.5 64.8 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.9
Employment 59.2 59.6 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.7 1.4
Unemployment 5.4 5.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -3.7 -3.7
Participation rate 60.5 60.8 0.6 0.3 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.0 0.5 -0.4 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.5 55.9 0.7 0.4 0.9 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 702.1 702.6 ... 0.5 5.3 0.1 0.8
Labour force 470.4 477.1 1.7 6.7 16.9 1.4 3.7
Employment 433.9 441.5 1.7 7.6 16.9 1.8 4.0
Unemployment 36.5 35.7 1.1 -0.8 0.2 -2.2 0.6
Participation rate 67.0 67.9 0.2 0.9 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 62.8 0.2 1.0 1.9 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 215.1 215.3 ... 0.2 2.3 0.1 1.1
Labour force 146.0 148.0 1.1 2.0 8.2 1.4 5.9
Employment 133.4 135.5 1.2 2.1 8.1 1.6 6.4
Unemployment 12.5 12.5 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.8
Participation rate 67.9 68.7 0.5 0.8 3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.6 8.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 62.9 0.6 0.9 3.1 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 272.0 272.5 ... 0.5 4.2 0.2 1.6
Labour force 183.5 184.7 1.3 1.2 1.7 0.7 0.9
Employment 168.5 170.5 1.3 2.0 5.6 1.2 3.4
Unemployment 15.0 14.2 0.8 -0.8 -3.9 -5.3 -21.5
Participation rate 67.5 67.8 0.5 0.3 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.2 7.7 0.4 -0.5 -2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 62.6 0.5 0.7 1.1 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 104.8 104.9 ... 0.1 1.4 0.1 1.4
Labour force 67.5 66.9 1.0 -0.6 2.3 -0.9 3.6
Employment 63.2 62.0 1.0 -1.2 1.3 -1.9 2.1
Unemployment 4.3 4.9 0.5 0.6 0.9 14.0 22.5
Participation rate 64.4 63.8 0.9 -0.6 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 7.3 0.8 0.9 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 59.1 0.9 -1.2 0.5 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,260.6 1,261.9 ... 1.3 18.5 0.1 1.5
Labour force 894.4 887.9 4.8 -6.5 33.8 -0.7 4.0
Employment 805.4 805.6 5.3 0.2 46.2 0.0 6.1
Unemployment 89.0 82.3 3.6 -6.7 -12.4 -7.5 -13.1
Participation rate 71.0 70.4 0.4 -0.6 1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.0 9.3 0.4 -0.7 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 63.8 0.4 -0.1 2.7 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,196.2 1,197.5 ... 1.3 18.8 0.1 1.6
Labour force 856.3 851.7 5.2 -4.6 65.5 -0.5 8.3
Employment 760.8 762.3 5.4 1.5 57.1 0.2 8.1
Unemployment 95.5 89.4 3.6 -6.1 8.4 -6.4 10.4
Participation rate 71.6 71.1 0.4 -0.5 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.2 10.5 0.4 -0.7 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.7 0.4 0.1 3.9 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 182.4 182.7 ... 0.3 3.2 0.2 1.8
Labour force 115.0 114.1 1.8 -0.9 1.8 -0.8 1.6
Employment 109.3 107.6 1.7 -1.7 4.7 -1.6 4.6
Unemployment 5.7 6.5 0.9 0.8 -2.8 14.0 -30.1
Participation rate 63.0 62.5 1.0 -0.5 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.7 0.7 0.7 -2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 59.9 58.9 0.9 -1.0 1.6 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 170.2 170.3 ... 0.1 2.4 0.1 1.4
Labour force 117.8 117.8 1.1 0.0 12.4 0.0 11.8
Employment 110.3 111.3 1.1 1.0 12.2 0.9 12.3
Unemployment 7.4 6.5 0.5 -0.9 0.3 -12.2 4.8
Participation rate 69.2 69.2 0.6 0.0 6.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 5.5 0.5 -0.8 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 64.8 65.4 0.6 0.6 6.4 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,341.2 2,342.2 ... 1.0 19.5 0.0 0.8
Labour force 1,603.8 1,599.4 7.6 -4.4 114.6 -0.3 7.7
Employment 1,474.6 1,481.4 7.8 6.8 107.2 0.5 7.8
Unemployment 129.1 118.0 5.2 -11.1 7.4 -8.6 6.7
Participation rate 68.5 68.3 0.3 -0.2 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 7.4 0.3 -0.6 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 63.2 0.3 0.2 4.0 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 344.1 344.5 ... 0.4 3.9 0.1 1.1
Labour force 221.3 222.9 2.2 1.6 9.7 0.7 4.5
Employment 208.7 208.9 2.2 0.2 11.3 0.1 5.7
Unemployment 12.6 13.9 1.1 1.3 -1.7 10.3 -10.9
Participation rate 64.3 64.7 0.7 0.4 2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 6.2 0.5 0.5 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.7 60.6 0.7 -0.1 2.6 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: