Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  February
2021
March
2021
Standard error1 February to March 2021 March 2020 to March 2021 February to March 2021 March 2020 to March 2021
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 181.6 181.6 ... 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.6
Labour force 115.1 113.5 1.0 -1.6 -4.9 -1.4 -4.1
Employment 104.3 102.7 1.1 -1.6 -5.6 -1.5 -5.2
Unemployment 10.8 10.8 0.7 0.0 0.7 0.0 6.9
Participation rate 63.4 62.5 0.6 -0.9 -3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.4 9.5 0.5 0.1 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 57.4 56.6 0.6 -0.8 -3.4 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 376.8 377.3 ... 0.5 6.9 0.1 1.9
Labour force 261.2 264.1 1.6 2.9 14.7 1.1 5.9
Employment 240.1 242.5 1.6 2.4 10.6 1.0 4.6
Unemployment 21.1 21.6 1.0 0.5 4.1 2.4 23.4
Participation rate 69.3 70.0 0.4 0.7 2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 8.2 0.4 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 64.3 0.4 0.6 1.7 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 133.0 133.1 ... 0.1 1.8 0.1 1.4
Labour force 88.4 89.0 1.0 0.6 2.3 0.7 2.7
Employment 80.2 80.5 1.0 0.3 -1.1 0.4 -1.3
Unemployment 8.1 8.5 0.6 0.4 3.4 4.9 66.7
Participation rate 66.5 66.9 0.7 0.4 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.2 9.6 0.6 0.4 3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 60.5 0.8 0.2 -1.6 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 110.1 110.1 ... 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5
Labour force 71.2 70.5 0.9 -0.7 1.0 -1.0 1.4
Employment 62.6 62.8 0.9 0.2 -1.5 0.3 -2.3
Unemployment 8.7 7.7 0.5 -1.0 2.5 -11.5 48.1
Participation rate 64.7 64.0 0.8 -0.7 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 12.2 10.9 0.7 -1.3 3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 56.9 57.0 0.8 0.1 -1.7 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.6 135.6 ... 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.2
Labour force 80.7 81.0 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.7
Employment 76.0 76.2 1.0 0.2 1.4 0.3 1.9
Unemployment 4.8 4.8 0.5 0.0 -0.8 0.0 -14.3
Participation rate 59.5 59.7 0.7 0.2 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.9 0.5 0.0 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.0 56.2 0.7 0.2 1.2 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 686.6 686.9 ... 0.3 3.0 0.0 0.4
Labour force 452.6 448.2 3.6 -4.4 -0.1 -1.0 -0.0
Employment 429.7 426.2 3.8 -3.5 2.7 -0.8 0.6
Unemployment 22.8 22.0 1.8 -0.8 -2.8 -3.5 -11.3
Participation rate 65.9 65.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 62.0 0.5 -0.6 0.1 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 187.4 187.5 ... 0.1 1.9 0.1 1.0
Labour force 116.6 114.8 1.2 -1.8 -1.3 -1.5 -1.1
Employment 109.4 108.2 1.2 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2
Unemployment 7.2 6.6 0.6 -0.6 0.0 -8.3 0.0
Participation rate 62.2 61.2 0.7 -1.0 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 5.7 0.5 -0.5 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 58.4 57.7 0.7 -0.7 -1.3 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 136.9 136.9 ... 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1
Labour force 80.5 80.3 0.9 -0.2 -4.4 -0.2 -5.2
Employment 75.1 75.1 0.9 0.0 -4.2 0.0 -5.3
Unemployment 5.4 5.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -5.6 -7.3
Participation rate 58.8 58.7 0.7 -0.1 -3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 54.9 54.9 0.7 0.0 -3.1 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,631.7 3,634.0 ... 2.3 39.5 0.1 1.1
Labour force 2,394.7 2,411.4 9.4 16.7 42.0 0.7 1.8
Employment 2,198.8 2,211.6 9.9 12.8 -5.9 0.6 -0.3
Unemployment 195.9 199.8 6.7 3.9 48.0 2.0 31.6
Participation rate 65.9 66.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.2 8.3 0.3 0.1 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 60.5 60.9 0.3 0.4 -0.8 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,202.6 1,204.3 ... 1.7 16.5 0.1 1.4
Labour force 804.1 812.3 5.1 8.2 16.5 1.0 2.1
Employment 752.0 759.7 5.4 7.7 5.1 1.0 0.7
Unemployment 52.1 52.7 2.8 0.6 11.5 1.2 27.9
Participation rate 66.9 67.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.5 0.4 0.0 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 63.1 0.4 0.6 -0.4 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 285.2 285.4 ... 0.2 2.1 0.1 0.7
Labour force 185.1 185.6 1.6 0.5 -2.8 0.3 -1.5
Employment 171.0 172.1 1.6 1.1 -5.2 0.6 -2.9
Unemployment 14.1 13.5 0.8 -0.6 2.4 -4.3 21.6
Participation rate 64.9 65.0 0.5 0.1 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 7.3 0.4 -0.3 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 60.3 0.6 0.3 -2.3 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 917.4 918.8 ... 1.4 14.2 0.2 1.6
Labour force 619.0 626.8 4.8 7.8 19.4 1.3 3.2
Employment 580.9 587.5 5.1 6.6 10.2 1.1 1.8
Unemployment 38.0 39.2 2.7 1.2 9.1 3.2 30.2
Participation rate 67.5 68.2 0.5 0.7 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 6.3 0.4 0.2 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.3 63.9 0.6 0.6 0.1 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 143.2 143.4 ... 0.2 2.0 0.1 1.4
Labour force 91.6 91.4 0.8 -0.2 4.1 -0.2 4.7
Employment 85.0 84.4 0.9 -0.6 2.5 -0.7 3.1
Unemployment 6.7 7.0 0.4 0.3 1.6 4.5 29.6
Participation rate 64.0 63.7 0.6 -0.3 2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 7.7 0.5 0.4 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 59.4 58.9 0.6 -0.5 1.0 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 94.6 93.8 ... -0.8 -23.9 -0.8 -20.3
Labour force 59.4 58.7 3.4 -0.7 -1.3 -1.2 -2.2
Employment 55.0 52.6 3.3 -2.4 -0.9 -4.4 -1.7
Unemployment 4.4 6.1 1.7 1.7 -0.5 38.6 -7.6
Participation rate 62.8 62.6 2.1 -0.2 11.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 10.4 2.7 3.0 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 58.1 56.1 2.3 -2.0 10.6 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 112.9 112.9 ... 0.0 1.6 0.0 1.4
Labour force 65.4 66.0 1.6 0.6 6.2 0.9 10.4
Employment 57.2 59.8 1.5 2.6 3.8 4.5 6.8
Unemployment 8.2 6.2 0.9 -2.0 2.4 -24.4 63.2
Participation rate 57.9 58.5 1.4 0.6 4.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 12.5 9.4 1.4 -3.1 3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 50.7 53.0 1.4 2.3 2.7 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 343.3 343.7 ... 0.4 3.3 0.1 1.0
Labour force 225.3 222.7 2.2 -2.6 -6.0 -1.2 -2.6
Employment 207.2 205.2 2.3 -2.0 -5.2 -1.0 -2.5
Unemployment 18.1 17.5 1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -3.3 -3.8
Participation rate 65.6 64.8 0.6 -0.8 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 7.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.4 59.7 0.7 -0.7 -2.1 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,540.9 5,545.8 ... 4.9 73.2 0.1 1.3
Labour force 3,679.4 3,647.0 13.0 -32.4 45.1 -0.9 1.3
Employment 3,272.2 3,271.6 13.2 -0.6 -115.4 -0.0 -3.4
Unemployment 407.2 375.4 9.1 -31.8 160.5 -7.8 74.7
Participation rate 66.4 65.8 0.2 -0.6 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.1 10.3 0.2 -0.8 4.3 ... ...
Employment rate 59.1 59.0 0.2 -0.1 -2.9 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 665.2 665.4 ... 0.2 1.9 0.0 0.3
Labour force 432.8 436.1 4.2 3.3 -0.6 0.8 -0.1
Employment 401.9 408.4 4.3 6.5 -3.1 1.6 -0.8
Unemployment 30.9 27.7 2.4 -3.2 2.5 -10.4 9.9
Participation rate 65.1 65.5 0.6 0.4 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.4 0.5 -0.7 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 60.4 61.4 0.6 1.0 -0.6 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 372.5 372.6 ... 0.1 2.2 0.0 0.6
Labour force 207.9 212.3 2.5 4.4 -3.5 2.1 -1.6
Employment 182.1 186.5 2.4 4.4 -12.3 2.4 -6.2
Unemployment 25.8 25.9 1.3 0.1 8.8 0.4 51.5
Participation rate 55.8 57.0 0.7 1.2 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 12.4 12.2 0.6 -0.2 4.3 ... ...
Employment rate 48.9 50.1 0.7 1.2 -3.6 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 497.4 497.9 ... 0.5 8.7 0.1 1.8
Labour force 340.7 337.8 2.6 -2.9 -13.2 -0.9 -3.8
Employment 314.2 314.2 2.8 0.0 -15.6 0.0 -4.7
Unemployment 26.5 23.6 1.6 -2.9 2.3 -10.9 10.8
Participation rate 68.5 67.8 0.5 -0.7 -3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.0 0.5 -0.8 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.2 63.1 0.6 -0.1 -4.3 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 118.7 118.8 ... 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4
Labour force 79.1 81.0 0.9 1.9 4.9 2.4 6.4
Employment 73.1 75.2 1.0 2.1 3.3 2.9 4.6
Unemployment 6.0 5.8 0.5 -0.2 1.6 -3.3 38.1
Participation rate 66.6 68.2 0.8 1.6 3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 7.2 0.7 -0.4 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.6 63.3 0.8 1.7 2.5 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 139.7 139.9 ... 0.2 1.3 0.1 0.9
Labour force 93.0 96.4 1.3 3.4 4.9 3.7 5.4
Employment 85.7 87.7 1.5 2.0 1.4 2.3 1.6
Unemployment 7.3 8.7 0.8 1.4 3.6 19.2 70.6
Participation rate 66.6 68.9 1.0 2.3 2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 9.0 0.8 1.2 3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.3 62.7 1.1 1.4 0.4 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 465.5 466.0 ... 0.5 6.8 0.1 1.5
Labour force 293.1 295.1 3.0 2.0 11.0 0.7 3.9
Employment 273.0 274.3 3.1 1.3 6.7 0.5 2.5
Unemployment 20.1 20.8 1.5 0.7 4.3 3.5 26.1
Participation rate 63.0 63.3 0.7 0.3 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.9 7.0 0.5 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 58.6 58.9 0.7 0.3 0.6 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 304.5 304.6 ... 0.1 4.2 0.0 1.4
Labour force 173.3 180.6 2.2 7.3 -0.9 4.2 -0.5
Employment 154.8 162.9 2.2 8.1 0.4 5.2 0.2
Unemployment 18.5 17.7 1.2 -0.8 -1.2 -4.3 -6.3
Participation rate 56.9 59.3 0.7 2.4 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.7 9.8 0.7 -0.9 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 50.8 53.5 0.7 2.7 -0.6 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 180.6 180.8 ... 0.2 2.0 0.1 1.1
Labour force 122.1 123.1 1.7 1.0 -9.3 0.8 -7.0
Employment 106.2 109.5 2.0 3.3 -15.6 3.1 -12.5
Unemployment 15.9 13.6 1.3 -2.3 6.3 -14.5 86.3
Participation rate 67.6 68.1 1.0 0.5 -5.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 13.0 11.0 1.0 -2.0 5.5 ... ...
Employment rate 58.8 60.6 1.1 1.8 -9.4 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.5 145.5 ... 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2
Labour force 87.5 87.9 0.9 0.4 -2.8 0.5 -3.1
Employment 79.9 80.5 0.9 0.6 -5.1 0.8 -6.0
Unemployment 7.6 7.4 0.4 -0.2 2.3 -2.6 45.1
Participation rate 60.1 60.4 0.6 0.3 -2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.7 8.4 0.5 -0.3 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 54.9 55.3 0.6 0.4 -3.7 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.6 106.6 ... 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.3
Labour force 64.9 64.5 0.7 -0.4 -2.1 -0.6 -3.2
Employment 59.4 59.2 0.7 -0.2 -3.2 -0.3 -5.1
Unemployment 5.4 5.4 0.3 0.0 1.1 0.0 25.6
Participation rate 60.9 60.5 0.6 -0.4 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 8.4 0.5 0.1 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 55.7 55.5 0.7 -0.2 -2.9 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 701.6 702.1 ... 0.5 5.3 0.1 0.8
Labour force 464.9 470.4 1.7 5.5 0.0 1.2 0.0
Employment 426.4 433.9 1.7 7.5 -10.7 1.8 -2.4
Unemployment 38.5 36.5 1.1 -2.0 10.7 -5.2 41.5
Participation rate 66.3 67.0 0.2 0.7 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 7.8 0.2 -0.5 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 60.8 61.8 0.2 1.0 -2.0 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 214.8 215.1 ... 0.3 2.4 0.1 1.1
Labour force 144.8 146.0 1.1 1.2 2.2 0.8 1.5
Employment 132.5 133.4 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.2
Unemployment 12.3 12.5 0.7 0.2 1.8 1.6 16.8
Participation rate 67.4 67.9 0.5 0.5 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.5 8.6 0.5 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 62.0 0.6 0.3 -0.6 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 271.5 272.0 ... 0.5 4.1 0.2 1.5
Labour force 183.1 183.5 1.3 0.4 -3.5 0.2 -1.9
Employment 167.8 168.5 1.3 0.7 -5.0 0.4 -2.9
Unemployment 15.3 15.0 0.8 -0.3 1.6 -2.0 11.9
Participation rate 67.4 67.5 0.5 0.1 -2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.2 0.4 -0.2 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 61.9 0.5 0.1 -2.9 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 104.7 104.8 ... 0.1 1.5 0.1 1.5
Labour force 67.6 67.5 1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.6
Employment 63.0 63.2 1.0 0.2 -0.9 0.3 -1.4
Unemployment 4.6 4.3 0.5 -0.3 1.3 -6.5 43.3
Participation rate 64.6 64.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 6.4 0.8 -0.4 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 60.2 60.3 0.9 0.1 -1.8 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,259.1 1,260.6 ... 1.5 19.1 0.1 1.5
Labour force 901.6 894.4 4.8 -7.2 18.9 -0.8 2.2
Employment 806.3 805.4 5.3 -0.9 7.9 -0.1 1.0
Unemployment 95.3 89.0 3.6 -6.3 11.0 -6.6 14.1
Participation rate 71.6 71.0 0.4 -0.6 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.6 10.0 0.4 -0.6 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 63.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,194.7 1,196.2 ... 1.5 19.4 0.1 1.6
Labour force 840.1 856.3 5.2 16.2 41.9 1.9 5.1
Employment 743.0 760.8 5.4 17.8 13.5 2.4 1.8
Unemployment 97.1 95.5 3.6 -1.6 28.5 -1.6 42.5
Participation rate 70.3 71.6 0.4 1.3 2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.6 11.2 0.4 -0.4 3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 63.6 0.4 1.4 0.1 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 182.2 182.4 ... 0.2 3.2 0.1 1.8
Labour force 117.6 115.0 1.8 -2.6 -0.7 -2.2 -0.6
Employment 111.5 109.3 1.7 -2.2 0.7 -2.0 0.6
Unemployment 6.1 5.7 0.9 -0.4 -1.4 -6.6 -19.7
Participation rate 64.5 63.0 1.0 -1.5 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.0 0.7 -0.2 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 59.9 0.9 -1.3 -0.7 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 170.1 170.2 ... 0.1 2.6 0.1 1.6
Labour force 115.6 117.8 1.1 2.2 8.9 1.9 8.2
Employment 107.0 110.3 1.1 3.3 6.4 3.1 6.2
Unemployment 8.6 7.4 0.5 -1.2 2.4 -14.0 48.0
Participation rate 68.0 69.2 0.6 1.2 4.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 6.3 0.5 -1.1 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.9 64.8 0.6 1.9 2.8 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,340.6 2,341.2 ... 0.6 20.7 0.0 0.9
Labour force 1,580.5 1,603.8 7.6 23.3 61.2 1.5 4.0
Employment 1,456.2 1,474.6 7.8 18.4 13.3 1.3 0.9
Unemployment 124.3 129.1 5.2 4.8 47.8 3.9 58.8
Participation rate 67.5 68.5 0.3 1.0 2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 8.0 0.3 0.1 2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 63.0 0.3 0.8 0.0 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 343.8 344.1 ... 0.3 3.7 0.1 1.1
Labour force 218.4 221.3 2.2 2.9 2.1 1.3 1.0
Employment 207.6 208.7 2.2 1.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.0
Unemployment 10.8 12.6 1.1 1.8 2.2 16.7 21.2
Participation rate 63.5 64.3 0.7 0.8 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.7 0.5 0.8 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.4 60.7 0.7 0.3 -0.6 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: