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Provincial and Territorial Culture Indicators, 2017

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Released: 2019-04-25

Economic importance of culture and sport in Canada

Culture and sport include the images, sounds and stories that we see, hear and read every day, whether it be the museums we visit, the shows we watch or the teams we support in the world of arts and sport.

The Provincial and Territorial Culture Indicators are timely estimates of the economic contribution of culture and sport in Canada. In 2017, culture and sport gross domestic product (GDP) combined was $59.7 billion, supporting 784,500 jobs in Canada.

The largest contributor to culture GDP and jobs was audio-visual and interactive media, which includes activities related to video game publishing, film, television and video production, as well as motion picture exhibition. For sport, the largest component was organized sport activities, including the hosting of both professional and amateur sporting events.

Chart 1  Chart 1: Contribution to culture gross domestic product (GDP) and jobs, Canada, 2017
Contribution to culture gross domestic product (GDP) and jobs, Canada, 2017

Chart 2  Chart 2: Contribution to sport gross domestic product (GDP) and jobs, Canada, 2017
Contribution to sport gross domestic product (GDP) and jobs, Canada, 2017

Culture gross domestic product and jobs increase

Culture GDP in Canada increased 1.8% to $53.1 billion in 2017. During the same period, economy-wide GDP increased 5.7%. As a proportion of Canada's overall GDP, culture accounted for 2.7%. Culture GDP rose in eight of nine domains, including sound recording (+7.2%), audio-visual and interactive media (+2.4%) and visual and applied arts (+1.7%). Written and published works (-1.9%) reported the sole decrease, as all but one of its sub-domains declined in 2017.

Culture jobs in Canada increased 1.6% to 666,500, while economy-wide jobs grew 1.9% in 2017. Culture accounted for 3.6% of all jobs in the economy. The audio-visual and interactive media (+3.1%) and visual and applied arts (+3.3%) domains each accounted for an increase of over 4,700 jobs. Culture jobs in live performance also increased 2.4%, while they decreased in written and published works (-2.7%), sound recording (-0.6%) and heritage and libraries (-0.3%).

Sport gross domestic product up in all domains

Sport GDP rose 3.3% in 2017 to $6.6 billion, accounting for 0.3% of the total economy. Growth was led by governance, funding and professional support (+4.3%).

There were 118,000 sport jobs in Canada in 2017, up 3.7% from 2016. There were more jobs in every domain except informal sport (-0.7%). Sport jobs accounted for 0.6% of total jobs in Canada.

Contribution of culture and sport varies across the provinces and territories

The three largest provinces—Ontario ($25.0 billion), Quebec ($11.0 billion) and British Columbia ($7.1 billion)—had the highest culture GDP in 2017. On a per capita basis, Ontario ($1,765) recorded the largest culture GDP.

Reflecting the diverse economies across the country, the contribution of culture to economy-wide GDP varied across the provinces and territories, from 1.3% in Saskatchewan to 3.3% in Ontario.

Of all provinces and territories, Ontario ($2.8 billion) had the largest sport GDP in 2017, while on a per capita basis it was highest in British Columbia. There was little variation in the contribution of sport to economy-wide GDP across provinces and territories.



  Note to readers

The Provincial and Territorial Culture Indicators (PTCI) are timely economic estimates of culture and sport in Canada, and were developed as an extension of the more comprehensive Provincial and Territorial Culture Satellite Account. The PTCI cover culture (including arts and heritage) and sport across Canada in terms of output, nominal gross domestic product (GDP) and jobs for the years 2010 to 2017.

The PTCI are a joint initiative of Statistics Canada, other federal agencies, all provincial and territorial governments, as well as non-governmental organizations.

All of the figures of GDP in this release are expressed in nominal, basic prices. Total economy GDP is calculated using income-based GDP at market prices adjusted for taxes less subsidies on products and imports.

The analysis in this release focuses on the product perspective of the PTCI, that is, the production of culture and sports goods and services and their contribution to output, GDP and jobs in both culture and non-culture industries and sport and non-sport industries.

Culture GDP is the GDP associated with culture activities. This is the value added related to the production of culture goods and services across the economy regardless of the producing industry.

Sport GDP is the GDP associated with sport activities. This is the value added related to the production of sport goods and services across the economy regardless of the producing industry.

Culture jobs are defined as the number of jobs that are related to the production of culture goods and services.

Sport jobs are defined as the number of jobs that are related to the production of sport goods and services.

Film and video

The film and video sub-domain has undergone major enhancements starting with reference year 2015. The sources and methods for estimating this sub-domain, including the Film, Television and Video Production Industry Survey, have been revised to include improved estimation methods. The new methodology increases the use of administrative data in combination with survey data to build the estimates. These improvements were applied to all variables (GDP, output and jobs).

As a result, the estimates for the film and video sub-domain for 2015 forward should not be compared to prior estimates.

Moreover, users should exercise caution with any aggregates that include the film and video sub-domain such as the audio-visual and interactive media domain and the total aggregate for culture. These aggregates also reflect these improvements and, depending on the economic importance of the film and video sub-domain, could be significantly impacted.

Products

The Latest Developments in the Canadian Economic Accounts (Catalogue number13-605-X) is available.

The User Guide: Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts (Catalogue number13-606-G) is available.

The Methodological Guide: Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts (Catalogue number13-607-X) is available.

Contact information

For more information, or to enquire about the concepts, methods or data quality of this release, contact us (toll-free 1-800-263-1136; 514-283-8300; STATCAN.infostats-infostats.STATCAN@canada.ca) or Media Relations (613-951-4636; STATCAN.mediahotline-ligneinfomedias.STATCAN@canada.ca).

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